有机无机肥配合施用对土壤—油菜系统重金属平衡的影响  

Effects of Integrated Fertilization with Commercial Organic Mature and Chemical Fertilizers on Heavy Metal Balance in Soil-Rape Cropping System

作　　者：孔文杰[1] 倪吾钟[1] 

机构地区：[1]浙江大学环境与资源学院

出　　处：《水土保持学报》2006年第3期32-35,共4页Journal of Soil and Water Conservation

基　　金：国家重点基础研究发展规划"973"项目(2002CB410804)

摘　　要：通过田间试验研究了有机无机肥配合施用对土壤—油菜系统重金属平衡的影响。试验设置化肥(T1)、化肥+低量有机肥(T2)、化肥+中量有机肥(T3)、化肥+高量有机肥(T4)等4个处理,各处理施肥量相等,重复4次。试验结果表明,在等养分条件下,有机肥比例过高会降低油菜地上部及籽粒的干重;不施有机肥和施用低量有机肥会导致锌和铜的亏缺,施用高量有机肥有可能引起土壤中镉的积累,适量有机肥与化肥配合施用既可保持微量营养元素的平衡,也能有效地降低重金属污染风险,是建立可持续农业的有效途径。A field experiment was conducted with rape plants to assess the impacts of integrated fertilization on heavy metal balance in soil-rape cropping system. Four treatments as chemical fertilizers （T2）, chemical fertilizers lower rate of organic manure （T2）, chemical fertilizers 4- medium rate of organic manure （T3）, and chemical fertilizers ＋ high rate of organic manure （T4） were designed in the present experiment. The doses of N, P2O5, and K2O of each treatment were equal, and each treatment had four replications. The results indicated that high rate of organic manure could significantly reduce shoot biomass and grain yield of rape plants. It was found that zinc and copper deficits occur in the treatments with no organic manure or lower rate of organic manure, and cadmium accumulation occur in the treatment with high rate of organic manure. Integrated fertilization with appropriate rate of organic manure and chemical fertilizers could not only remain the balance of zinc and copper as micronutrients, but also minimize the risk of cadmium pollution in the cropping system, which can be regarded as an effective manner for the construction of sustainable agriculture.

关 键 词：化肥 有机肥 配合施肥 重金属平衡 

分 类 号：S141.9[农业科学—肥料学] S147.35[农业科学—农业基础科学]