不同生育时期根际土壤渍水逆境对冬小麦N、P、K素营养的影响  

Effects of Waterlogging Stress on Nitrogen and Phosphorus,Potassium Nutrition in Winter Wheat at Different Stages

作　　者：魏凤珍[1] 李金才[1] 尹钧[2] 王永华[2] 屈会娟[2] 

机构地区：[1]安徽农业大学农学院,安徽合肥230036 [2]河南农业大学国家小麦工程技术研究中心,河南郑州450002

出　　处：《水土保持学报》2006年第3期162-165,共4页Journal of Soil and Water Conservation

基　　金：国家粮食丰产科技工程项目(2004BA520A);河南省重大科技攻关项目(0522010100)

摘　　要：运用盆栽模拟土壤渍水逆境试验,研究不同生育时期根际土壤渍水逆境对不同小麦品种N、P、K素吸收、运转和分配的影响。结果表明,根际土壤渍水逆境对不同小麦品种N、P、K素吸收的影响有异;不同生育时期根际土壤渍水逆境显著影响根系对N、P素的吸收、运转与分配,以孕穗期渍水逆境影响最大,其次为灌浆期和拔节期,而不同生育时期根际土壤渍水逆境对K素的吸收影响较小。孕穗期以前渍水逆境主要影响小麦根系对N、P、K素的吸收,对N、P、K素在小麦体内的运输和分配影响较小;灌浆期渍水逆境不仅影响根系对N、P、K素的吸收,同时也影响N、P素在地上部各器官中的运转和分配,但对K素在小麦体内的运转和分配影响较小。因此,基肥中施足P肥和K肥,拔节孕穗期重施速效N肥,灌浆期叶面喷施KH2PO4对于培育壮秆大穗,减轻小麦渍害,提高受渍小麦籽粒产量具有非常重要的实际意义。Experiments were carried out on the experiment farm of Anhui agricultural university with pot culture from 2003 to 2005. Effects of waterlogging at different stages on N, P and K nutrit：_on metabolism were studied applying simulation waterlogging method. The results showed that waterlogging at different stages significantly influenced N and P nutrition absorption content and transportation and distribution ratio and less influenced K nutrition of different cultivars,injury degree of waterlogging at booting stages more than other stages. Waterlogging before booting stage mainly influenced N and P and K nutrition absorption content and less influenced transportation and distribution, waterlogging at filling stages mainly influenced N and P and K nutrition absorption content and N and P nutrition transportation and distribution ratio and less influenced K nutrition transportation and distribution ratio of different organ. So applying rich P and K fertilizer at basal fertilizer and rapidly available N fertilizer form jointing stage to booting stage and KH2PO4 at filling stage and it is very important that to culture strong stem and large spike and to reduce waterlogging injury and to increase grains yield of waterlogging wheat.

关 键 词：冬小麦 渍水逆境 不同生育时期 N、P、K素营养 

分 类 号：S512.11[农业科学—作物学] S158.3