海河及邻近海域表层沉积物重金属污染及其分布特征  

Characteristics of heavy metals contamination and distribution in surficial sediment of Haihe River and the adjacent sea area

作　　者：刘俐[1] 熊代群[2] 高新华[1] 宋存义[1] 李发生[3] 

机构地区：[1]北京科技大学土木与环境工程学院,北京100083 [2]华南热带农业大学农学院,海南儋州571737 [3]中国环境科学研究院,北京100012

出　　处：《海洋环境科学》2006年第2期40-44,共5页Marine Environmental Science

基　　金：国家重点基础研究发展规划(973)项目(2003CB415007;2004CB418501)

摘　　要：对海河及邻近海域沉积物重金属污染程度进行调查,结果显示海河沉积物已遭受重金属污染,其重金属含量高于渤海湾,而且峰值最高的区域出现在工业发达、人口密集的天津市区和塘沽区。将海河及邻近海域表层沉积物不同颗粒组分的复合体进行分离,并进行了重金属含量的测定。结果进一步证明,重金属含量随沉积物复合体颗粒尺寸增大而减小。同时表明,渤海湾表层沉积物复合体比海河的颗粒大,砂质含量比海河高。渤海湾细小颗粒(<20μm)复合体含量(62.42%)低于海河(70.24%),而渤海湾粗砂(>200μm)组分(31.17%)比海河(17.83%)高得多。海河各粒级复合体上Cu、Pb、Cd的含量明显高于渤海湾中各粒级相应的重金属含量,平均是渤海湾的2倍左右,Cr在海河与渤海湾各粒级含量相对来说比较接近。Heavy metal contents in surficial sediment of Haihe River and the adjacent sea area is investigated. The results showed that the sediment of Haihe River was contaminated by heavy metals, the contents of heavy metals in Haihe River are higher than that in Bohai Bay, and the areas with highest contents are located in the downtown areas of Tianjin and Tanggu, where the industry is highly developed and the population is relatively large. Different grain-size aggregates of sediment in Haihe River and the adjacent sea area are obtained with sedimentation method and the heavy metal contents in the sediment aggregates have been determined. The results showed the contents of heavy metals were reduced with grain sizes of aggregates in the sediment increasing, the particles of the surficial sediment in Bohai Bay are larger than that in Haihe River, and the content of sand is higher than that in Haihe River. The content of fine fraction aggregates（ 〈 20μm）（accounting for 62.42% ）is lower than that in Haihe River（70.24% ）, while the content of coarse sands（ 〉 200μm） （31.17% ）is higher than that in Haihe River（ 17.83% ）. The contents of Cu, Pb and Cd in different grain-size aggregates in Haihe River are two times higher than that in Bohai Bay on average, while the content of Cr in different grain-size aggregates is comparatively similar to the content in Bohai Bay.

关 键 词：海河 渤海湾 沉积物 有机-矿质复合体 重金属 

分 类 号：X55[环境科学与工程—环境工程] P736.4[天文地球—海洋地质]