大电流两电极气体开关研究  

High current two-electrode gas switch

作　　者：赖贵友[1] 郭良福[1] 力一峥[1] 陈德怀[1] 陈清海[1] 周丕璋[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国工程物理研究院激光聚变研究中心,四川绵阳621900

出　　处：《强激光与粒子束》2006年第6期1037-1040,共4页High Power Laser and Particle Beams

基　　金：42105基金资助课题

摘　　要：由于引燃管难以满足现在能源系统对放电开关承受大电流的要求,因此研制了大电荷转移量两电极气体开关。这种新型气体开关电极间距可调,无触发极,采用同轴结构,并将主电极置于金属腔体内,减少了放电对绝缘支撑的污染。主电极为铜钨合金材料,设计为平顶圆柱状,以提高烧蚀均匀度和热传导效率,减少电极材料喷溅,延长其寿命。绝缘支撑采用碗状结构,提高了机械强度,增加了沿面击穿距离。该开关工作电压达25 kV,放电电流超过100 kA(脉冲宽度600μs),单次脉冲电荷转移量达50 C。实验结果显示该气体开关触发性能稳定,电极表面烧蚀均匀,多次大电流实验后电极表面保持完好,可应用于强激光能源系统。High current and high-charge transfer spark gap switches are required for a range of capacitor bank applications such as electromagnetic rail, power conditioning system that power the flashlamps for laser fusion drivers. A compact long-lived spark gap and a matched series-injection trigger generator have been developed. The switch has two electrodes made of alloy Cu-W and a spark gap located in the centre of metal chamber. This kind of structure can prevent arc form approaching the insulated bracket. Elimination of the trigger electrode, used in many other switches, combined with an integral, coaxial current-return housing, allows the switch to handle very high current and charge transfer. Recently, the peak current of the switch is near 150 kA with a transfer-charge of 50 C. The two-electrode spark gap is triggered by directly overstressing the gap by a high-voltage, low-energy trigger generator such as Marx generator with an output voltage of 80 kV, a risetime of 30 as, and a pulse duration of 130 ns. The spark gap can be triggered reliably when the operating voltage is 40% of the self-breakdown voltage, assuring low pre-fire rates. The design approach, and application of the switch and trigger system in pulse forming circuits are discussed.

关 键 词：脉冲功率技术 气体开关 电极 结构设计 

分 类 号：TN242[电子电信—物理电子学]