野黄瓜(Cucum is hystrix Chakr.)与3种不同基因型栽培黄瓜(C. sativus L.)种间杂交及杂种鉴定  

Production and Identification of Interspecific Hybrids between Cucumis hystrix Chakr.and Three Genotypes of C.sativus L.

作　　者：罗向东[1] 戴亮芳[1] 陈龙正[1] 钱春桃[1] 陈劲枫[1] 

机构地区：[1]作物遗传与种质创新国家重点实验室南京农业大学园艺学院,南京210095

出　　处：《武汉植物学研究》2006年第3期207-211,共5页Journal of Wuhan Botanical Research

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(30470120);国家"863"计划项目(2004AA241120)资助;PickleSeedResearchFundofPicklePackerInternational;Inc.(2004-2006)

摘　　要：野黄瓜(Cucum is hystrix,2n=24)为短日照植物,因其与栽培黄瓜(C.sativus,2n=14)花期不遇等杂交障碍的存在而使种间杂交难以顺利进行。对野黄瓜短光照处理40 d以上,使得两者花期相遇,成功地进行了野黄瓜与3种不同基因型栽培黄瓜(“二早子”、“长春密刺”和“NC4406”)的正反杂交,从中获得了3种杂交组合的幼胚。采用改良的方法对这3种基因型杂种胚进行胚胎拯救,再生频率达80%以上,其杂种的真实性通过植物学性状观察、体细胞染色体计数和天冬氨酸转氨酶(AAT)同工酶分析得到了证实。研究中还发现不同基因型杂种F1的育性存在明显差异,其中以C.hystrixדNC4406”育性最高,花粉可染率达23.3%,是在二倍体水平上进行育种利用的良好材料。＇Wild cucumber＇ （Cucumis hystrix,2n =24） is a short-day plant. The hybridization between wild and cultivated cucumber （C, sativus,2n = 14） is hard to be made because of their differential flowering time. In the present study, the flowering time was synchronized by short day treatment of the C. hystrix for over 40 days, The crosses were made between C. hystrix and three different genotypic cultivated cucumbers （ C. sativus cv. Changchun mici, NC4406, and Erzaozi） and the hybrid embryos were obtained. Using our modified embryo rescuing methods,the embryo regeneration frequency reached 80%. The three interspecific hybrids have been identified through morphological characterization, chromosome count and aspartate aminotransferase （AAT） analyses. Varied levels of fertility were observed among these hybrids. The stain ability of pollen grains in C. hystrix x NC4406 was 23, 3% ,highest in the varions combinations, which implied that the hybrid Cucumis hystrlx x NC4406 might be a better germplasm for transferring exotic genes at the diploid level.

关 键 词：野黄瓜(Cucumis hyarix) 短光照 种间杂种 胚胎拯救 

分 类 号：S642.2[农业科学—蔬菜学] Q943[农业科学—园艺学]