植被多样化对昆虫发生期和物种丰富度动态的影响  

Effects of vegetation diversity on the occurrence period and species dynamics of insects

作　　者：李向永[1] 谌爱东[1] 赵雪晴 胡奇[3] 龚声信 谭挺[4] 张龙[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国农业大学农业部生物防治重点实验室,北京100094 [2]云南省昭通市植保植检站,云南昭通657000 [3]天津农学院园艺系,天津300384 [4]云南省农业科学院农业环境资源研究所,云南昆明650205

出　　处：《西南农业学报》2006年第3期519-524,共6页Southwest China Journal of Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：云南省省院省校科技合作项目(2002FCBFB01K001)

摘　　要：为研究果园植被多样化对昆虫群落的影响,在云南昭通苹果园中以3∶2∶1的比例种植黑麦草、三叶草和苜蓿,2年后,结果表明:处理园内苹果绵蚜的主要天敌如草蛉、瓢虫、食蚜蝇和日光蜂的发生期明显长于对照园(常规管理园);苹果绵蚜、叶蝉和蓟马等主要害虫的发生期短于对照园。果园种植覆盖作物后,天敌种类数量在5月下旬至9月上旬处于高峰期,相对于常规园的7月上旬至8月中旬。增加果园植被多样化,利于提高天敌种类的数量和稳定性,利于控制害虫。In order to study the effect of vegetation diversity on insect community, Lolium perenne L. , Trifolium repens L. and Medicago sativa L. were rowed as cover crops at the ratio of 3：2 ： 1 in the apple orchard in Zhaotong City, Yunnan province. The results after 2 years later showed that the predominant natural enemies of woolly apple aphid, such as lacewing, ladybeetle and hover flies occurred much longer in cover cropped orchard than that in clean cultivated orchard;correspondingly, the predominant pest, such as woolly apple aphid, leaf hopper, and thrip obviously occurred shorter in cover cropped orchard than that in control orchard. The peak of species of the natural enemies in treated orchard last from later May to early September, while in CK only, from early July to August, which indicated that the increase of vegetation diversity in orchard is helpful not only for the increase of natural enemy amount, kinds and their stability but also for the control of pest.

关 键 词：苹果园 植被多样化 昆虫群落 物种数 

分 类 号：S884.71[农业科学—特种经济动物饲养]