盐度对石磺胚胎发育的影响  

Influence of water salinity on embryonic development of sea-slug Onchidium sp.

作　　者：沈和定[1] 陈汉春[2] 陈贤龙[2] 冉福[1] 施志仪[1] 熊柳平[1] 王飞[1] 

机构地区：[1]上海水产大学生命科学与技术学院,上海200090 [2]浙江省慈溪市水产技术推广中心,浙江慈溪315300

出　　处：《上海水产大学学报》2006年第3期297-302,共6页Journal of Shanghai Fisheries University

基　　金：上海水产大学水产养殖重点学科建设项目(03SC11);宁波市海洋与渔业局2005年项目;上海市重点学科建设项目(Y1101)

摘　　要：28℃水温下，实验室内比较观察了盐度为0、3、6、9、15、20、30、40八组水体中石磺（Onchidium sp．）受精卵的胚胎发育状况，并对囊胚期的胚胎进行了低盐度（0、3、6、9）培育试验。结果表明：石磺受精卵在不同盐度水体中的胚胎发育状况有很大的差异，盐度0组中的胚胎畸形率高达97％±2％，盐度3组中的胚胎畸形率达75％±2％，盐度30组中停止发育的胚胎（即单卵黄球胚胎）比例为60％±4％，盐度40组中停止发育胚胎的比例达98％±2％，盐度6、9、15、20组的胚胎能正常发育，孵化率均在90％以上；石磺卵群孵化的适宜盐度范围为6～20。囊胚期的胚胎适应低盐度的能力稍强，盐度0组中的囊胚期胚胎分裂球解体，不能正常发育；盐度3、6、9组中的囊胚期胚胎能正常发育。盐度为23．4和27．4的自然海水环境中，石磺胚胎也能正常发育和孵化。Under laboratory conditions with water temperature at 28 ℃, the embryonic development of sea-slug Onchidium sp. was studied from zygote at eight salinity gradients （0,3,6,9, 15,20,30,40 respectively） and from blastula at four salinity gradients （0,3,6,9）, respectively. The results showed that the development of the zygotes was significantly different with various salinities. The higher hatching rate occurred at the salinities of 6,9, 15 and 20 with a hatching rate over 90%, while higher deformity rates were observed at the salinities of 0 and 3 with the deformity rates of 97% and 75%, respectively. Besides, it was observed that 60% and 98% of the embryos stopped developing at salinities 30 and 40. It was concluded that the optimum salinities for embryonic development of sea slug were 6 - 20, although it is showed that the sea-slug zygotes could normally develop at natural sea water salinities such as 23.4 and 27.4. Results also showed that the embryo at blastula stage could even develop under lower salinity such as 3, but it would stop developing or even collapse at salinity 0.

关 键 词：石磺 盐度 胚胎发育 囊胚期 畸形率 

分 类 号：S917[农业科学—水产科学] Q959.215[生物学—动物学]