高效能电炮实验装置的研制  

Development of Electric Gun with High Performance

作　　者：赵剑衡[1] 孙承纬[1] 唐小松[1] 谭福利[1] 王桂吉[1] 张宁[1] 刘仓理[1] 

机构地区：[1]四川绵阳919信箱113分箱中国工程物理研究院流体物理研究所

出　　处：《实验力学》2006年第3期369-375,共7页Journal of Experimental Mechanics

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(10472108);中国工程物理研究院重大基金(2004Z0101);四川省青年基金资助项目

摘　　要：较全面地开展了电炮加载技术的实验研究,解决了低电感开关、电容器和外回路设计中的关键技术,使整个回路短路电感为38nH,接近电容器的内电感30nH,最大放电电流接近兆安。优化设计后的装置在储能仅为14.4kJ的情况下,在25 kV充电电压下,在1.2μs内可将直径10mm,厚度0.1 mm的Mylar膜飞片加速到10 km/s,通过光纤测试发现飞片在飞行3mm后平面度优于24ns。根据测试的数据进一步改进了桥箔板和炮膛的设计,使得在相同加载条件下,飞片的加速历史几乎完全重合,其弹道稳定性优于气炮等加载装置。同时解决了电炮加载下的关键诊断测试技术。本文工作为进一步开展高应变率加载下材料动力学响应和炸药冲击感度研究提供了新的有效的加载手段,同时也为研究更高储能的电炮实验装置奠定了基础。Based on the optimized designs in capacitor, connector, flyer/foil plate and shutter, an electric gun with high performance was developed, and its inductance was reduced to 38 nH from 140 nH. Moreover its maximum discharge current was close to Megampere. Expertimental results show that despite of only 14.4 kJ storge energy, this electric gun can accelerate the 0.1mm thick mylar flyer with 10 mm diameter to 10 km/s within 1.2μs, and the plane torlerance of flyer is smaller than 24 ns. The most important thing is that the flyer velocities are coincident with each other under the same loading conditions, that is, its performance in ballistic curve is better than that of gas gun and detonation driven. The present work will be much helpful for researching dynamic response of materials and shock sensitivity for explosives and developing higher energy electric gun in the furture.

关 键 词：电炮 Mylar飞片 VISAR 

分 类 号：O348[理学—固体力学]