气候变化对天水苹果生长的影响及对策研究  

Influence of climate change on apple growth and countermeasures in Tianshui City

作　　者：姚晓红[1] 许彦平 秘晓东[3] 

机构地区：[1]中国气象局兰州干旱气象研究所甘肃省干旱气候变化与减灾重点实验室,甘肃兰州730020 [2]甘肃省天水农业气象试验站,甘肃天水741020 [3]甘肃省气象局,甘肃兰州730020

出　　处：《干旱地区农业研究》2006年第4期129-133,共5页Agricultural Research in the Arid Areas

基　　金：中国科学技术部;科研院所社会公益研究专项"西北农作物对气候变化的响应及其评价方法"(2005DIB3J100)

摘　　要：利用1981～2004年农业气象资料进行综合分析，得出气候变化对苹果生长的主要影响：暖干气候导致苹果生育期提前；盛花后高温干旱和时段性低温造成苹果坐果率下降；5月平均气温对产量的贡献最大，造成苹果减产的主要气象条件是仲春4～5月气温的较大波动和花芽萌动期仲春4月干旱、低温危害；7月平均气温对苹果品质影响最大，20世纪90年代以来，7月气温的显著升高是造成该区苹果品质下降的主要气候原因。Based on the agro-meteorological data during 1981- 2004, the influence of climate change on apple growth in Tainshui City of Gansu Province were analyzed. The results showed： （1） the warming-dry climate resulted in the advance of apple growth period; （2） after full blossom, the high temperature, drought and interval low temperature made fruit setting ratio decrease; （3） the effect of average temperature on yield was most dominating, and the main meteorological conditions causing the yield reduction were the great fluctuation of temperature in April or May and the drought and low temperature during flower bud emergence phase in April; （4） the average temperature in July was the main influencing factor of apple quality, and the distinct enhancement of temperature in July was the primary climate reason of reduction of apple quality since 1990＇s.

关 键 词：气候变化 天水苹果 生长速度 对策 

分 类 号：S661.1[农业科学—果树学]