桑园喷灌的农业气象效应分析  

Analysis on Agrometeorological Effect of Mulberry. Field by Sprinkling Irrigation

作　　者：陈志银[1] 

机构地区：[1]杭州大学地理系

出　　处：《杭州大学学报（自然科学版）》1996年第1期92-99,共8页Journal of Hangzhou University Natural Science Edition

摘　　要：在夏秋季节，桑园喷灌可保持最适宜桑树生长的土壤含水量．喷灌桑园与对照区相比：白天的平均水汽压增大１．３３－１．７３ｈＰａ，相对湿度增大４％－８％；辐射收入和蒸发耗热分别增大９％－１０％和２２％，土中热通量和显热通量分别减小５％－６％和２３％－５０％．地面和叶冠温度分别降低０．２－８．０℃和０．１－１．５℃，夜间叶层最低气温平均降低０．４℃．由于喷灌改善桑园小气候条件，桑园同化作用增强０．００７０９－０．０１２４４ｍｇ／ｃｍ￣２·ｈ，夜间呼吸强度减弱０．００６９２－０．０１５９８ｍｇ／ｃｍ￣２·ｈ，桑园枝条伸长速度快０．１－０．４ｃｍ／ｄ．喷灌桑园的水分生产效率比对照区提高１０％－４９％．The soil moisture content for the growth of mulberry can be retained best by sprinkling irrigation insummer and autumn. The results of comparison between sprinkling and nonsprinkling irrigation in themulberry field showed that the average vapour pressure and relative humidity increased 1. 33--1. 73hpaand 4N--8%,respectively, in the day 1 the net radiation and latent heat flux increased by 9%-- 10%and 22%: then heat flux in soil and turbulent heat exchange reduced by 5K--6% and 23 %----50N: theground surface and leaf canopy temperature reduced 0. 2--8. Of and 0. l-- 1. SC respectively in theday, and minimum air temperature at the canopy average reduced 0. 4C at night. Because water andthermal conditions in the field were improved through sprinkling irrigation,the leaf photosynthesis increased 0. 00709--0. 01244mg. cm--2. h--1, the leaf respiration reduced 0. 00692--0. 01598mg' cm--2'h--l at night and the stretch rate of the mulberry branch increased 0. 1--0. 4cm' d--1. The water productivity of the sprinkling irrigation mulberry field increased 10%--49N as compared with the nonsprinkling irrigation.

关 键 词：喷灌 土壤贮水量 桑园 农业气象效应 小气候 

分 类 号：S162[农业科学—农业气象学]