闽南-台湾浅滩渔场鱼类及其不同生态类群的资源生产量  

The resources production of fish and its different ecological type in Minnan-Taiwan Bank fishing grounds

作　　者：卢振彬[1] 戴泉水[1] 肖方森 朱进福 

机构地区：[1]福建省水产研究所,福建厦门361012 [2]福建省闽南渔场指挥部,福建东山363401

出　　处：《水产学报》2006年第3期359-366,共8页Journal of Fisheries of China

基　　金：福建省海洋与渔业局重点资助项目(闽海渔科字2000-04号)

摘　　要：以闽南-台湾浅滩渔场历次海洋科学调查所获得的初级生产力为基础,并于2000-2001年对该渔场的鱼类资源组成结构、浮游植物有机碳含量、生态效率、52种主要经济鱼类的营养级及其有机碳含量等的调查、分析和检测,获得相关的生态参数后,应用营养动态模型和Cushing模型,估算鱼类资源的生态容量(潜在生产量),同时也应用Steele模型分别估算中上层鱼类、底层鱼类的资源生产量,进而从鱼类资源生产量中分离出近底层鱼类的资源生产量。然后采用Cadima模式和MSY简单模式估算鱼类及其各生态类群资源最大可持续开发量,并从捕捞现状和主要种群生态学参数的变化,讨论鱼类及其不同生态类群的开发利用水平。旨在为渔业决策部门今后在该渔场实行TAC和渔获量配额制度提供科学依据。估算结果:鱼类资源生态容量为98.63×104t,最大可持续开发量为48.35×104t。其中中上层鱼类资源生产量为56.90×104t,最大可持续开发量28.35×104t,底层和近底层鱼类资源生产量分别为19.45×104t和22.28×104t,合计最大可持续开发量为21.28×104t。然而,底层和近底层鱼类实际年渔获量自1994年以来已连续9年超过其最大持续可开发量,呈过度捕捞。中上层鱼类实际年渔获量至今尚未超过其最大可持续开发量。因此,对于底层和近底层鱼类资源必须采取有效管理措施,防止资源继续恶化。Minnan-Taiwan Bank fishing ground scope is 22°00′- 24°30′N, 117°30′ - 120°45′E, and is the important upwelling fishing ground in China. The fish resources are abundant. But, the fishing effort of the fishing ground is increased year after year in recent 20 years. The fish resources have been already changed, the resources production and the MSY of fish and its different ecological type are followed with interest by the fishery management office and producers. This paper is based on that the primary productivity by all previous oceanology science surveys have been obtained in Minnan-Taiwan Bank fishing ground, and that the composition of fish resources was surveyed, and the POC content of phytoplankton was examined and the ecological efficiency was calculated; and that the trophic levels of 52 species of economic fish and its POC content were tested from 2000 to 2001. First, the fish resources ecological caning capacity （potential production） was estimated using the uophic dynamic model and Cushing model, then, the resources production of pelagic fish and benthic fish was estimated by Steele model. The resources production of epibenthic fish was calculated according to the share of the epibenthic fish in total fish biomass. And the MSY of different ecological types of fish are estimated using Cadima model and simple model. Their exploitive levels are also discussed in this paper. The results showed that the fish resources ecological carting capacity is 98.63× 10^4 t, among them, the resources production of the pelagic fish and the benthic fish and the epibenthic fish are 56.90×10^4t, 19.45×10^4t and22.28 ×10^4t, respectively. The MSY of total fish are 48.35×10^4t. The MSY of the pelagic fish is 28.35 ×10^4t. The MSY of the benthic fish and the epibenthic fish totaled up to 21.28 ×10^4t. Since 1994, the actual yearly catches were over the MSY of the benthic fish and the epibenthic fish in recent 9 years. And miniaturization of population structure of the major benthic fish and the epibenthic

关 键 词：鱼类 生态类群 资源生产量 闽南-台湾浅滩渔场 

分 类 号：S932.4[农业科学—渔业资源]