二甲基-β-丙酸噻亭对凡纳滨对虾幼虾生长、蜕壳和渗透调节的影响  

Effect of dimethyl-β-propiothetin on growth,molting and osmoregulation of Litopenaeus vannamei juveniles

作　　者：赵红霞[1] 曹俊明[1] 周萌[1] 吴建开[1] 朱选[1] 杨大伟[1] 

机构地区：[1]广东省农业科学院畜牧研究所,广东广州510640

出　　处：《水产学报》2006年第3期404-409,共6页Journal of Fisheries of China

基　　金：广东省财厅资助项目(粤财企2004-161号)

摘　　要：在低盐度5～6和水温25～29℃条件下，分别投喂1种对照饲料和7种添加二甲基-β-丙酸噻亭（DMPT）（添加量分别为100、200、300、400、500、600和700mg·kg^-1）的试验饲料，饲养初始体重约每尾0．77g的凡纳滨对虾56d，观察DMPT对凡纳滨对虾的生长、蜕壳和渗透压调节的影响。实验结果表明，添加DMPT的各组凡纳滨对虾增重率随着DMPT添加量的增加，呈现先升后降的趋势，在400mg·kg^-1凡纳滨对虾增重率达到最高，显著高于对照组；与对照组相比，各试验组凡纳滨对虾的饲料系数均不同程度降低，500mg·kg^-1 DMPT组凡纳滨对虾的饲料系数降低达到显著水平。添加DMPT对凡纳滨对虾的蜕壳次数无显著影响。除100mg·kg^-1DMPT组外，DMPT组凡纳滨对虾的渗透压均明显低于对照组，其中，添加300和500mg·kg^-1组凡纳滨对虾的渗透压降低呈现显著性差异。凡纳滨对虾肌肉粗蛋白和粗脂肪含量随着DMPT水平增加呈现出先上升后下降的趋势。粗蛋白含量在DMPT添加量为400mg·kg^-1时达到最高，粗脂肪含量在DMPT添加量为600mg·kg^-1时达到最高，均显著高于对照组。以增重率为判定指标，DMPT在凡纳滨对虾饲料中的适宜添加量为383mg·kg^-1。The effects of various dietary DMPT levels （0,100,200,300,400,500,600 and 700 mg·kg^-1 ） on growth, molting and osmoregulation of L/topenaeus vannamei juveniles with approximately 0.77 g initial body weight were evaluated in 56-day study at temperatures of 25 to 29 ℃ and low salinity （5 - 6）. 8 test diets were applie（l for triplicate tanks and 30 shrimp was stocked randomly in each tank. Feeding rate was 8 % of wet body weight. The results indicated that growth rate （GR） increased when DMPT level was increased from 0 to 400mg·kg^-1, and then decreased when DMPT level was increased from 400 to 700 mg·kg^-1 GR was significantly higher in shrimp fed 400 and 500mg·kg^-1 DMPT diets than the control group. There was a decrease of feed coefficient （FC） in shrimp fed the diets containing various DMPT levels in comparison to the control group, and a significantly lower FC was observed in shrimp fed 500mg·kg^-1 DMPT diet. No significant differences were found on molting activity in shrimp fed the diets containing various DMPT levels and the control group. Except shrimp fed 100mg·kg^-1 DMPT diet, osmotic pressure （OP） in hemolymph from L/topenaeus vannamei fed the diets containing various DMPT levels was decreased. OP was significantly lower in shrimp fed 300 and 500mg·kg^-1 DMPT diets than the control group. With the level of dietary DMPT increasing, crude protein （CP） content and the crude fat （CF） content of muscle in shrimp increased and reached a peak, and then decreased. CP was significantlyhigher in shrimp fed 400mg·kg^-1 DMPT diets than the control group. CF was significantly higher in shrimp fed 600mg·kg^-1 DMPT diets than the control group. For L/topenaeus vannamei juveniles, the optimum level of dietary DMPT, determined by quadratic regression analysis was 383mg·kg^-1, on the basis of maximum growth rate.

关 键 词：凡纳滨对虾 二甲基-Β-丙酸噻亭 生长 蜕壳 渗透调节 

分 类 号：S968.22[农业科学—水产养殖]