股前外侧皮瓣的多普勒探测研究和设计改进  

APPLICATION OF DOPPLER IN THE SKIN FLAP OF VASTUS LATERALIS

作　　者：刘会仁[1] 李瑞国[1] 高顺红[1] 汪琦[1] 曹磊[1] 张艳茂[1] 项力源[1] 孙来卿[1] 刘志旺[1] 王岩[1] 王国强[1] 侯金玲[1] 于占勇[1] 

机构地区：[1]唐山市第二医院手三科,河北唐山063000

出　　处：《中国修复重建外科杂志》2006年第7期722-724,共3页Chinese Journal of Reparative and Reconstructive Surgery

摘　　要：目的改进股前外侧皮瓣设计方法,提高术前多普勒探测皮穿支的准确性。方法以股直肌和股外侧肌间隙为A线,A线上与髌骨外缘和髂前上棘连线中点对应的点,即A线的中点为A点,腹股沟韧带处股动脉搏动点与A点的连线为B线。在A线以外,大腿外侧中线以内,B线两侧3cm的范围内用多普勒血流探测仪探测穿支搏动点。使B线位于皮瓣横轴线的中外1/3,使最近探测点位于皮瓣纵轴线的中近1/3的位置设计皮瓣,皮瓣的长轴线与B线平行,如皮瓣较大,设计在A线与B线间。2001年11月~2004年10月,临床应用37例38个皮瓣。均为男性,年龄16~48岁。创伤性皮肤缺损6例,慢性创面深部组织外露22例,感染创面骨髓炎6例,瘢痕切除创面3例;其中手部创面8例,小腿及足踝部创面29例。皮瓣范围7cm×6cm^24cm×16cm。结果所有皮穿支穿出点均位于A线外侧,探测其形成皮瓣的有效动脉穿支符合率为97.4%。术后均获随访1~20个月,平均5.5个月。皮瓣全部成活35例36个,部分成活2个,其中4例第2足趾全部成活。发生静脉危象2例,动脉危象1例,经手术探查,完全成活2例,部分成活1例。28例伤口期愈合;3例行皮片移植修复;6例7个皮瓣覆盖骨髓炎创面者,有不同程度的深部伤口感染,其中4例形成窦道,经换药治愈,愈合时间1~11个月。皮瓣感觉:吻合神经6例S2~S3;未吻合神经S0~S1。供区直接闭合34例35处,皮片移植3例,均愈合良好。结论股前外侧皮瓣术前多普勒探测及B线引入,能提高皮瓣切取的成功率。Objective To investigate a method of improving design of the skin flap pedicled with descending branch of lateral femoral circumflex artery, in order to increase the accuracy of preoperative Doppler location. Methods Firstly, the interspace between rectus femoris and vastus lateralis was regarded as line A, and the point of intersection between line A and the vertical line through the midpoint of the line between anterior superior iliac spine and lateral margin of patella was point A. And then the line between the midpoint of groin and point A was regarded as line B. Based on this , the perforating point of cutaneous branch could be located by Doppler along the line B. From November 2001 to October 2004, this method was used in 38 skin flaps of 37 cases, being all males and 16-48 years old. The area of the flap ranged from 7 cm × 6 cm to 24 cm × 16 cm. Results All the perforating point of cutaneous branch were located outward the line A. The rate that the preoperative Doppler location was consistent with the utility point of formatting skin flap was 97.4%. All the cases were followed up postoperatively 1-20 months. Among the cases, 36 skin flaps of 35 cases was successful and only 2 skin flaps partially necrosed, which healed after changing dressings or skin graft. Out of 35 cases, the sensation restoration of the skin flap was S2-S3 in 6 cases owing to the anastomosis of lateral femoral cutaneous nerve and a skin nerve of the recipient site, while that of the other cases was S0-S1. Conclusion Preoperative Doppler location and improving design of line B can be a useful instruction for the design of skin flap pedicled with descending branch of lateral femoral circumflex artery.

关 键 词：股前外侧皮瓣 皮穿支 多普勒 探测 

分 类 号：R622[医药卫生—整形外科]