NICU中新生儿听力筛查结果及多因素影响的分析  

An analysis of multiple influence factors of newborn hearing screening in NICU

作　　者：刘清明[1] 周炎荣[1] 朱蓉[1] 黄辉文[1] 郭幸[1] 赖碧云[1] 陈田[1] 李东英[1] 蔡海青[1] 

机构地区：[1]珠海市妇幼保健院儿保科听力筛查中心,广东珠海519000

出　　处：《中国耳鼻咽喉颅底外科杂志》2006年第3期203-206,209,共5页Chinese Journal of Otorhinolaryngology-skull Base Surgery

摘　　要：目的分析新生儿重症监护病房(NICU)中患儿耳声发射筛查结果及多因素对耳声发射筛查结果的影响。方法对保健院244例NICU中新生儿进行瞬态诱发耳声发射(TEOAE)筛查,对2次筛查异常者行听力学跟踪和确诊,并对多种耳聋高危因素相互影响进行统计学分析。结果初筛通过率85.7%(209/244),复筛通过率71.4%(25/35)。复筛不通过的10人行2次间隔2个月以上听力学检查:其中2人双耳听力正常,3人双耳听力下降,5人单耳听力下降。NICU中新生儿耳聋患病率32.8‰(8/244)。多因素统计学分析发现,新生儿同时有2种或2种以上耳聋高危因素(窒息病史、高胆红素血症、肺部疾病等)初筛通过率显著降低,与不伴有该类疾病史者相比差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论应高度重视2种或2种以上耳聋高危因素对NICU中新生儿听力损伤,积极预防和治疗,降低新生儿耳聋患病率。Objective To analyze the results of newborn tmnsieutly evoked otoacoustie emission （TEOAE） screening and multiple factors influencing the screening in neonatal intensive care unit （NICU）. Methods The results of newborn hearing screening by TEOAE in 244 newborns in NICU from 2002 to 2004 were analyzed retrospectively. Infants who failed in the TEOAE screening accepted ABR test when they were 120 days old. The logistic regression analysis of the multiple factors was used to observe the newborns hearing loss in NICU. Results In NICU, the average pass rate was 85.7% for the first time and 71.4% for the second time. Ten newborns failed the TEOAE screening in the hospital. Of them, two infants passed ABR test for both ears. Bilateral and unilateral hearing loss was confirmed in 3 and 5 infants respectively. The prevalence of neonatal hearing disorders in NICU was 32.8%0 （8/244）. The logistic regressioI~ analysis showed that the pass rate of TEOAE reduced evidently with high-risk factors accompanied. Conclusion Pediatrician should pay more attention to the hearing screening, especially to infants suffering from two or more diseases included in high-risk factors in order to find out hearing loss in NICU as early as possible, and early intervention should be given to prevent deafness.

关 键 词：新生儿筛查 听力检查 诱发电位 听觉 脑干 

分 类 号：R764.04[医药卫生—耳鼻咽喉科] R195[医药卫生—临床医学]