盐酸戊乙奎醚麻醉前给药的临床评价  

Clinical evaluation of penehyclidine used as preanesthesia medicine

作　　者：刘志恒[1] 卢健芳[1] 杨新平[1] 黄绍农[1] 

机构地区：[1]深圳市第二人民医院,广东深圳518035

出　　处：《中国医院药学杂志》2006年第7期823-826,共4页Chinese Journal of Hospital Pharmacy

摘　　要：目的:比较临床常用的3种抗胆碱药物阿托品、东莨菪碱和盐酸戊乙奎醚麻醉前给药的作用。方法:将60例ASA(美国麻醉医师协会分级)Ⅰ(Ⅱ级择期全麻手术病人随机分为3组(n=20),术前分别肌注0.01mg.kg-1阿托品(A组)、东莨菪碱(B组)和盐酸戊乙奎醚(C组),观察用药前和用药后10min、30min和完全苏醒后①心率,血压,体温(腋温);②VAS口干评分;③相对唾液分泌量;④面红评分;⑤Ramsay镇静评级。结果:心率A组各时间点均较给药前显著升高,B组给药后30min及苏醒后心率较给药前升高,C组无明显变化;体温和面红评分A组给药后10min,30min较给药前升高,B组给药后30min较给药前体温升高,C组给药前后无显著变化;相对唾液分泌量A、C组给药后10min,3组给药后30min均较给药前降低,而苏醒后仅C组较给药前降低,并与其他两组有显著差异;Ramsay镇静评级C组给药后10min,B、C组给药后30min以及A、B、C组苏醒后均较给药前有显著升高,而苏醒后3组比较C组又较其他两组更高。结论:盐酸戊乙奎醚较阿托品和东莨菪碱抑制腺体分泌的作用更强而持久,不引起心率增快和体温升高,中枢镇静作用也较强。OBJECTIVE To compare three anticholinergics, atropine, scopolamine and penehyclidine, used in preanesthesia medication. METHODS Sixty ASA Ⅰ（Ⅱ patients, who admitted for elective operations under general anesthesia, were randomized into three groups （n = 20）. Intramuscular injection of 0. 01 mg·kg^-1 of atropine （group A）, scopolamine （group B） and penehyclidine （group C） were given, respectively, as preanesthesia medicine. The following data were observed before the injection, 10 min and 30 min after the injection, and after the patient was awake： ①heart rate, blood pressure, axillary temperature;②visual analogue thirsty score; ③relative amount of saliva; ④flush score; ⑤Ramsay sedation score. RESULTS Heart rate was increased at all the time points after the injection in group A, and at 30 min after the injection and after wake ning in group B, but kept unchanged in group C. Axillary temperature and flush score was increased at 10 min and 30 min after the injection in group A, and at 30 min after the injection in group B, but remained stable in group C. The relative amount of saliva was decreased at 10 min after the injection in group A and C, at 30 min after the injection in all the three groups, and after wakening only in group C. The Ramsay sedation score was increased at 10 min after the injection in group C, 30 min after the injection in group B and C, and after wakening in all the three groups; while the Ramsay sedation score in group C was obviously higher than that in the other two groups after wakening. CONCLUSION The effect of gland inhibition of penehyclidine is more potent and persistent, compared to that of atropine and scopolamine. Penehyclidine does not cause tachycardia and temperature increase but sedation.

关 键 词：阿托品 东莨菪碱 盐酸戊乙奎醚 

分 类 号：R969.4[医药卫生—药理学]