青海共和盆地封育季节草场生物量、种群与生境变化  

Changes of above-ground biomass,species population and biotope in grazed and ungrazed grassland in Qinghai Gong-he Basin

作　　者：孙建光[1] 李保国[2] 卢琦[3] 

机构地区：[1]新疆财经学院,乌鲁木齐830012 [2]中国农业大学资源环境学院,北京100094 [3]中国林业科学院,北京100091

出　　处：《中国生态农业学报》2006年第3期25-27,共3页Chinese Journal of Eco-Agriculture

基　　金："十五"国家科技攻关重大项目(2002BA517A09-01)资助

摘　　要：试验研究青海共和盆地封育季节草场生物量、种群与生境变化结果表明，封育草地生物量和株高均高于未封育草地，且依据未封育与封育草地生物量之比，共和盆地草场退化等级为中度和重度；由于沙生和荒漠植被入侵并逐渐成为优势种或伴生优势种，退化草地优势物种生物量降低，依据其他物种与优势物种生物量之比，确定共和盆地草场退化等级〈0．1为弱度，0．1-0．5为轻度，0．5～1．0为中度，1．0～5．0为重度，〉5．0为严重，芨芨草草原处于中度、重度退化，针茅草原处于重度和严重退化；共和盆地封育草场存在两极恢复（原草场和新退化草场类型），而未封育草场只有单极退化（荒漠），故过牧不仅使共和盆地草地退化，且使草地生境不断恶化，荒漠化程度加剧；相反封育有利于草地恢复和生境改善。The changes of above-ground biomass,species population and biotope in the gazed and ungrazed grassland in Qinghai Gong-he Basin were studied. The results indicate that the above-ground biomass and height of plant in ungrazed grassland are higher than those in the grazed grassland,and the degeneration intensity of grassland is medium and sever aeeording to the ratio of biornasses between the ungrazed and grazed grasslands in Gong-he; the desert vegetations invade and gradually become the dominant or secondary dominant species, the biomass of predominant species is decreased, so acoording to the ratio of biornasses between other species and dominant species, 〈 0.1 is a slight degeneration, 0.1 - 0.5 is a light degeneration, 0.5 - 1.0 is a medium degeneration, 1.0 - 5.0 is a sever degeneration, and 〉 5.0 is a very sever degeneration, and Jijicao grassland is of a medium and sever degeneration, stipa grassland is of a sever and very sever degeneration at present; there are two directional restorations（ former grassland and other degraded grassland）in ungrazed grassland of Qinghai Gong-he Basin, but a single directional degeneration to desert,so it makes the Gong-he Basin biotope and desertification poorer.

关 键 词：草场退化与恢复 生物量 生境 共和盆地 

分 类 号：S157.1[农业科学—土壤学] S812[农业科学—农业基础科学]