酶联免疫吸附试验筛查疫苗衍生脊髓灰质炎病毒的效果评价  

Evaluation and Analysis of ELISA Intratypic Differentiation Method for Screening Vaccine-derived Poliovirus(VDPV)

作　　者：王东艳[1] 张勇[1] 赵蓉[1] 严冬梅[1] 朱晖[1] 祝双利[1] 安洪秋[1] 李杰[1] 刘桂艳[1] 许文波[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国疾病预防控制中心病毒病预防控制所,北京100050

出　　处：《中国计划免疫》2006年第3期168-172,共5页Chinese Journal of Vaccines and Immunization

基　　金：卫生部疫苗衍生脊髓灰质炎病毒控制专项基金;世界卫生组织西太平洋区基金项目

摘　　要：目的评价和分析酶联免疫吸附试验(ELISA)在脊髓灰质炎(脊灰)病毒型内鉴别(Intratypic differentiation,ITD)中的应用,及其在疫苗衍生脊灰病毒(Vaccine-derived polioviruses,VDPVs)筛查中的敏感性和重要性。方法使用ELISA型内鉴定方法对2004年所有省级疾病预防控制中心脊灰实验室送检的单型脊灰病毒进行型内鉴定,然后对结果为非疫苗类似株(Non Sabin-like,NSL)或者双反应毒株(Double reactive virus,DRV)进行VP1区基因序列测定和分析。结果2004年606株单型脊灰病毒中,有576株被鉴定为疫苗类似株(Sabin-like,SL),11株为NSL,全部是Ⅰ型;17株为DRV,2株为无反应株(Non-reactive virus,NRV)。通过对ELISA结果为NSL、DRV或NRV的毒株进行全VP1区核苷酸序列测定和分析,检测出9株Ⅰ型VDPVs和1株Ⅱ型VDPV。结论ELISA进行型内鉴定的优势在于它最敏感的筛选指标是VP1区核苷酸变异率为1%,即它可以有效地区分脊灰疫苗病毒相关株和其它毒株,包括VDPV(核苷酸变异率≥1%,但<15%)和脊灰野病毒(核苷酸变异率≥15%),因此对VDPV的筛查具有较强的优势。Objective To evaluate and analyze the application of ELISA Intratypic Differentiation （ITD） method for Polioviruses and the importance for screening vaccine-derived polloviruses（VDPVs）. Methods ELISA ITD method was performed for all monotype polioviruses isolates sent by Provincial Laboratories for Poliomyelitis in 2004, and then the isolates with the results of Non Sabln- Like （NSL） and Double Reactive Virus （DRV） were done VP1 sequencing. Results Among 606 monotype polioviruses isolates sent in 2004, 576 were identified as Sabin-Like （SL）, 11 of NSL, all were typeⅠ polioviruses, 17 of DRV, 2 of Non-reactive Virus （NRV）. All viral isolates with the results of NSL, DRV and NRV were performed whole VPI sequencing, 9 type 1 VDPVs and 1 type Ⅱ VDPV were identified. Conclusion The advantage of ELISA ITD method lies in its screening indicator of 1% in VPI substitution, it can differentiate vaccine related polioviruses from other vaccine-derived polioviruses （VPI mutation rate ≥1% anmd 〈 15% ） and wild polioviruses （VPI mutation rate ≥15% ）, so it is one of the effective method for screening VDPV.

关 键 词：酶联免疫吸附试验 疫苗衍生脊髓灰质炎病毒 型内鉴别 序列分析 

分 类 号：R373.22[医药卫生—病原生物学]