机构地区:[1]复旦大学附属中山医院心内科上海市心血管病研究所,上海200032
出 处:《临床心血管病杂志》2006年第7期393-396,共4页Journal of Clinical Cardiology
摘 要:目的:探讨近年来扩张型心肌病(DCM)的临床表现特点及预后。方法:对1998年1月~2004年6月收治的280例DCM患者的临床资料,以及其中187例(66.8%)的随访结果进行分析。结果:男221例(78.9%),女59例(21.1%),起病年龄为(48.0±14.2)岁;确诊时心功能NYHAⅠ~Ⅱ级者60例(21.4%),Ⅲ级者155例(55.4%),Ⅳ级者65例(23.2%);全部患者中8例(2.9%)为家族性DCM,起病年龄(35.4±11.4岁)明显小于散发患者(48.4±14.1)岁,P〈0.01。253例(90.4%)患者出现各种心律失常,包括心房颤动71例(25.4%),多源室性期前收缩、短阵室性心动过速分别为90例(32.1%)、130例(46.4%),左束支传导阻滞64例(22.9%)。超声心动图显示,患者以左心房、左心室同时扩大(55.4%)或全心扩大(30.0%)为主;Ⅲ~Ⅳ级患者与Ⅰ~Ⅱ级者相比,左室舒张末期内径[(68.9±8.4):(63.8±7.8)mm]明显增大,左室射血分数[(31.8±10.1)%:(41.8±12.0)%]显著降低,均P〈0.01。药物治疗中,血管紧张素转化酶抑制剂和β-受体阻滞剂使用率分别为70.1%(199例)、60.0%(168例)。187例(66.8%)患者获得随访,随访时间(29.8±23.2)个月;随访中死亡50例,其中心力衰竭死亡27例(54.0%),猝死20例(40.0%);另有7例患者接受心脏移植治疗。在未行心脏移植情况下,患者确诊后1、2、5年生存率分别为93.4%、86.0%、65.3%,高于国内以往报道。8例家族性DCM患者5年生存率(40.0%)低于散发患者(68.5%),P〈0.05。结论:DCM患者确诊时心功能多已达Ⅲ~Ⅳ级,伴有各种心律失常及心腔扩大;2年和5年生存率较以往已有改善,心力衰竭和猝死仍是主要死亡原因;2.9%的患者为家族性DCM,起病年龄较轻Objective:To investigate the clinical characteristics and prognosis of patients with dilated cardiomyopathy(DCM). Method:Clinical data of 280 patients with DCM and follow-up outcomes of 187 patients(66.8 %) were analyzed. Result:All the patients, 221 cases(78.9%)of male and 59(21. 1%)of female, were aged 48.0± 14.2 years at diagnosis. NYHA classification Ⅰ-Ⅱ was found in 60 patients(21.4%)and Ⅲ in 155(55.4%), Ⅳ in 65 (23.2 % ) respectively. Eight patients were familial DCM with younger age of onset than that of sporadic ones ([35.4±11.4] vs [48.4±14.11, P 〈0. 01). Arrhythmias were observed in 253 patients(90.4%), including 71 (25.4 M ) with atrial fibrillation, 90(32. 1 % ) with polymorphic ventricular premature beats, 130(46.4 % ) with paroxysmal ventricular tachycardia , 64(22.9%)with left bundle branch block. Most patients showed enlargement of left or all cardiac chambers in echocardiography. Larger left ventricular end-diastolic diameter(68.9± 8.4 mm vs 63.8±7.8 mm) and lower left ventricular ejection fraction([31.8±10. 1% vs [41.8±12.0%)were found in patients with NYHA Ⅲ-Ⅳ than in those with Ⅰ-Ⅱ ( P 〈0.01). Medical treatments included angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors in 199 patients(70. 1%)and beta-blockers in 168 pts (60. 0%). One hundred and eighty- seven patients(66.8%)were followed up for (29.8±23.2) months. Fifty patients died during follow-up, including 27 patients(54.0%)died of heart failure and 20 (40. 0%)of sudden death. Seven patients underwent heart transplantation. The transplant free survial rates at 1, 2 and 5 years were 93.4%, 86.0% and 65.3% respectively. The 5 year survial rate in the 8 index patients with familial DCM was lower than that of sporadic ones(40.0% vs 68.5 %, P〈0.05). Conclusion: Most patients with DCM manifested heart failure of NYHA Ⅲ -Ⅳ with corn plex arrhythmias and enlargement of cardiac chambers when diagnosed . The 2 and 5 years su
关 键 词:心肌病 扩张型 心肌病 扩张型 家族性 心力衰竭 猝死
分 类 号:R542[医药卫生—心血管疾病]
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