夏秋季花粉症患者变应性鼻炎发展至变应性哮喘进程的临床研究  被引量:40

Natural course from rhinitis to asthma in the patients with autumnal pollinosis:a clinical study of 1096 patients

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作  者:尹佳[1] 岳凤敏[1] 王良录[1] 何海娟[1] 徐涛[2] 李宏[1] 文利平[1] 孙劲旅[1] 顾建青[1] 韩少梅[2] 张宏誉[1] 叶世泰[1] 

机构地区:[1]中国医学科学院中国协和医科大学北京协和医院变态反应科,100730 [2]中国医学科学院基础医学研究所中国协和医科大学基础医学院流行病统计学系

出  处:《中华医学杂志》2006年第23期1628-1632,共5页National Medical Journal of China

基  金:科技部2002年科研院所社会公益研究专项基金重点项目(2002DIB40089);首都医学发展基金攻关项目(2002-1001)

摘  要:目的探讨夏秋季花粉症患者变应性鼻炎发展至变应性哮喘的进程。方法2001年8月至2003年12月对已确诊为夏秋季花粉变应性鼻炎的1096例患者(5~75岁)进行吸入过敏原皮内试验和血清特异性免疫球蛋白IgE检测,并在其就诊时对变应性鼻炎和变应性哮喘患者的首次鼻炎发病年龄、首次哮喘发病年龄、首次发病时间、鼻炎发展至哮喘的时间、鼻炎和哮喘发病的时间顺序同时进行标准临床问卷调查。结果夏秋季花粉症的首次发病年龄范围为2~68岁,15—44岁是鼻炎的高发年龄段;25~54岁是哮喘的高发年龄段。在鼻炎合并哮喘组,33%(194/585)鼻炎和哮喘在同年首次发作;66%(386/585)鼻炎先于哮喘发作,仅有0.8%(5/585例)哮喘先于鼻炎发作。在全部夏秋季花粉症鼻炎患者中,18%(194/1096)鼻炎和哮喘同时发作;37%(410/1096)在5年内,46.7%(506/1096)在9年内,5%(58/1096)在10~19年内,1.5%(16/1096)在20~40年内发展为季节性哮喘。结论近半数夏秋季花粉变应性鼻炎有可能在9年内发展为季节性变应性哮喘。Objective To investigate the natural course from rhinitis to asthma in the patients with autumnal pollinosis. Methods 1096 patients with autumnal pollinosis, 488 males and 632 females, aged 38 ±14 (5 -77), 511 with pure allergic rhinitis and 585 with allergic rhinitis complicated with asthma, underwent skin test of inhalant allergens, serum IgE specific to autumnal pollens, and questionnaire survey. Results The age range of rhinitis induced by autumnal pollens was 2 - 75. The peak onset age of rhinitis was 15 -44, and the peak onset age of asthma was 25 -54. 33% of the rhinitis patients complicated with asthma (194/585) had their first attack of rhinitis and the first attack of asthma in the same year, 66% of them (386/585) had the first attack of asthma later than the first attack of rhinitis, and only 0.8% of them (5/585) had their first attack of asthma earlier than that of rhinitis. 37% of the patients with autumnal pollen allergic rhinitis (410/1096) developed asthma within 5 years, 47% (511/1096), within 9 years, 5% (58/1096) within 10 -19 years, and 1.5% (16/1096) within 20 -40 years. Conclusion Almost haft of the patients with autumnal pollen allergic rhinitis develop to seasonal allergic asthma within 9 years.

关 键 词:鼻炎 变应性 常年性 花粉症 哮喘 

分 类 号:R765[医药卫生—耳鼻咽喉科] R562.25[医药卫生—临床医学] R593.2

 

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