新生儿1038例听力筛查结果分析  

Hearing screening of 1038 newborns

作　　者：韩丽萍[1] 邱建华[1] 高磊[1] 谢娟[1] 

机构地区：[1]第四军医大学西京医院耳鼻喉科,西安710032

出　　处：《山西医科大学学报》2006年第5期547-549,共3页Journal of Shanxi Medical University

摘　　要：目的应用畸变产物耳声发射(DPOAE)对新生儿进行听力筛查并讨论其临床意义。方法新生儿1 038例于出生24-96 h和出生1-3个月分别用DPOAE进行听力初筛和复筛。未通过者进行听觉脑干诱发电位(ABR)诊断性检查,异常者在6个月再次复查ABR,仍未通过者即为听力损失。结果新生儿1 038例中有855例在出生24-96 h内1次通过听力筛查,通过率82.37%;男婴通过率低于女婴(P<0.05),通过率分别为79.22%(427/539)和84.77%(423/499)。有163例未通过初筛的新生儿在出生1-3个月时接受了DPOAE复筛,总复查率达89.07%,3个月内筛查阶段(包括初筛、复筛)总通过率98.65%。复查未通过的婴儿在3个月内有14例接受了初次ABR,中耳分析诊断性检查,结果6例未通过,异常率5.78‰,经6个月时再次ABR复查有2例转为正常,最后确诊不同程度听力损失4例,占筛查新生儿总数的3.85‰。结论DPOAE是新生儿听力筛查理想方法,住院期间普遍听力初筛和出生1-3个月复筛有重要临床意义。两次ABR确诊可提高诊断准确性。Objective To analyze the results of newborn hearing screening with distortion product otoaeoustic emission （DPOAE） and discuss its dinical significance. Methods DPOAE was used to examine the hearing of 1 038 newborns 24 - 96 h and 1 - 3 months after birth. Those who failed in the initial and secondary screening underwent the diagnostic test of auditory brainstem response （ABR）. The ones who failed again accepted the re-examination of ABR at the 6th month and the results were regarded as the final diagnosis of hearing loss. Results In the initial screening, 82.37% （855/1 038） newborns passed the DPOAE; among them, the number of the male was less than the female （427 vs 423 or 79.22% vs 84.77%, P〈0.05）. Among the 163 newborns who took the secondary screening, 91.41% passed the DPOAE. The total passing rate in the two examinations was 98.65%. Six （5.78%0） of 14 infants receiving ABR test failed to pass at their 3 months old, and then 2 infants succeeded in passing at the 6th month. Four infants （3.85‰） were diagnosed finally as hearing loss. Conclusion The DPOAE is an ideal method of present auditory screening in early neonates. The initial and secondary screenings during in-hospital stay can reduce DPOAE false negative and false positive, and ABR at the 3rd month and 6th month after birth can improve the accuracy of diagnosis.

关 键 词：新生儿 畸变产物耳声发射 听力筛查 脑干诱发电位 听力损失 

分 类 号：R764[医药卫生—耳鼻咽喉科]