山药块茎生长畸形的成因  

Investigation on Abnormal Tuber of Chinese Yam

作　　者：彭慧[1] 赵冰[1] 刘戬[1] 宋生印[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国农业大学农业与生物技术学院蔬菜系

出　　处：《中国蔬菜》2006年第7期14-16,共3页China Vegetables

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(49801013);农业部农业结构调整重大技术研究项目(04-06-02B)

摘　　要：对农大长山药1号、怀山药、太谷山药块茎生长过程中产生畸形块茎的情况进行观测研究.结果表明,在施用充分腐熟有机肥及土壤湿度正常的情况下,农大长山药1号、怀山药、太谷山药的块茎畸形率分别为 5.30 %、6.00 %和5.70 %,三者无显著差异;当农大长山药1号和怀山药块茎质量500～600 g,长度50～60 cm时,出现的畸形株数最多,比例最大;而太谷山药在块茎质量400～500 g,长度30～40 cm时出现的畸形株数最多;在施用半腐熟有机肥及土壤过湿的情况下,山药畸形率最高,太谷山药达59.00 %,怀山药57.00 %,农大长山药1号55.00 %.The abnormal tubers of three cultivars （ Nongdachangshanyao No. 1, Huaishanyao and Taigushanyao） of Chinese yams（Dioscorea opposita Thunb. ）were studied. The results showed that rates of abnormal tuber in Nongdachangshanyao No. 1 ,Huaishanyao and Taigushanyao were 5.30 % ,6. 00 % and 5.70 % respectively under the suitable condition. The highest rates of abnonmal tuber in Nongdachangshanyao No. 1 and Huaishanyao occured when the tuber was 500 -600 g in weight and 50 - 60 cm in length ; The highest rate in Taigushanyao occured when tuber was 400 - 500 g in weight and 30 - 40 cm in length. The highest rates of abnormal tuber in Taigushanyao, Huaishanyao and Nongdachangshanyao No. 1 were 59. 00 %, 57. 00 % and 55. 00 % respectively,under the condition of uncomposted organic fertilizer and over irrigation.

关 键 词：山药 块茎畸形 块茎质量 块茎长度 

分 类 号：S632.1[农业科学—蔬菜学]