稻穗枝梗和颖花形成的基因型及播期效应分析  

Effects of Genotype and Seeding-Date on Formation of Branches and Spikelets in Rice Panicle

作　　者：陈小荣[1] 钟蕾[1] 贺晓鹏[1] 傅军如[1] 熊康[1] 贺浩华[1] 

机构地区：[1]江西农业大学农学院/江西省作物生理生态与遗传育种重点实验室,江西南昌330045

出　　处：《中国水稻科学》2006年第4期424-428,共5页Chinese Journal of Rice Science

基　　金：国家科技部"国家粮食丰产科技工程"资助项目(2004BA520A04);江西省教育厅自然科学基金资助项目

摘　　要：以71个不同基因型水稻为材料,通过大田条件下的分期播种,于齐穗期考查了稻穗枝梗和颖花形成有关指标,分析了各指标的基因型和播期效应及其相互关系。结果表明:1)各基因型间现存一次枝梗数、一次枝梗退化数、现存颖花数、一次枝梗分化数、现存二次枝梗数的基因型值和播期效应值差异均显著,且5个指标的差异仅与特定的基因型有关,而与其是否属于杂交组合、常规品种和雄性不育系等类型无关。2)现存一次枝梗数、现存二次枝梗数、现存颖花数、一次枝梗分化数4个指标的基因型值较大,播期效应值较小;一次枝梗退化数播期效应值较大。3)单穗颖花现存数(即每穗总粒数)与现存一次枝梗数、一次枝梗分化数、现存二次枝梗数呈密切正相关,与一次枝梗退化数相关性小,现存一次枝梗数主要通过改变现存二次枝梗数来影响单穗颖花现存数。另外,还综合分析了供试71个材料单穗颖花现存数的基因型值和播期效应值,并对其大穗潜力进行了评价。Indexes of the formation of branches and spikelets in rice panicle were investigated after heading with 71 rice genotypes sowed at different dates in the fields, and the effects of genotype and seeding-date on the five indexes and their interrelations were analyzed. There were significant differences in the effect of genotype and seeding-date on the numbers of survived primary branches （SPB）, degenerated primary branches （DPB）, survived spikelets （SS）, differentiated primary branches （PBD）, and survived secondary branches （SSB） among the genotypes, and the difference of the five indexes was only related to the given genotype, irrespective of whether it belonged to the hybrid, conventional variety, and male sterile line or not. The SPB, SS, SSB, PBD showed high effect of genotype and low effect of seeding-date whereas DPB displayed high effect of seeding-date. The number of survived spikelets per panicle（namely total grain number per panicle） was highly postively related to SPB, SSB, and PBD but lowly to DPB, which was affected by SPB through the formation of SSB. The effects of genotype and seeding-date in the 71 materials were analyzed synthetically, and their potential of large panicle formation was also evaluated.

关 键 词：水稻 穗 枝梗 颖花 基因型效应 播期效应 

分 类 号：S511[农业科学—作物学]