耳叶补血草大、小孢子发生与雌、雄配子体的发育  

Megasporogenesis,Microsporogenesis and Developments of Male and Female Gametophytes in Limonium otolepis

作　　者：李伟[1] 周玲玲[1] 刘萍[1] 

机构地区：[1]石河子大学生命科学学院新疆兵团绿洲生态农业重点实验室,新疆石河子832003

出　　处：《西北植物学报》2006年第7期1355-1362,共8页Acta Botanica Boreali-Occidentalia Sinica

基　　金：国家重大基础研究前期研究专项基金资助项目(2002CCA02800);石河子大学自然科学与技术创新项目资助(200506)

摘　　要：本文较系统地报道了耳叶补血草(Limonium otolepis(Schrenk.)Kuntze.)的大、小孢子发生和雌、雄配子体形成过程.主要结果:(1)小孢子母细胞减数分裂过程中的胞质分裂为同时型,小孢子四分体多为正四面体形,少数左右对称形;(2)成熟的花粉为三细胞型,具3个萌发孔;(3)花药壁由5层细胞组成,最外层为表皮,其内分别为药室内壁、中层、绒毡层,绒毡层为变形型,花药壁的发育属于基本型;(4)耳叶补血草的雌蕊由5心皮组成,柱头、花柱分离,子房合生,1室,基生胎座,胚珠1个,拳卷型,双珠被,厚珠心,珠孔由内珠被形成;(5)孢原细胞发生于珠心表皮下,经1次平周分裂,形成造孢细胞,由造孢细胞直接发育成大孢子母细胞,大孢子母细胞减数分裂形成4个大孢子呈直线排列,合点端大孢子具功能,属于典型的蓼型胚囊发育.The megasporogenesis,microsporogenesis and the formations of male and female gametophytes in Limonium otolepis （Schrenk.）Kuntze. were systematically examined. It was shown that（1）the cytoplasmic division belonged to simultaneous type during the process of microsporocyte meiosis and the microspore tetrads appeared tetrahedral in majority and zygomorphous in minority. （2）mature pollen cells belonged to a 3-cell type and each of them had three apertures. （3）the anther wall was composed of five layers of cells, which were epidermis,endothelium,middle layer and tapetum from the outer to the inner and its development belonged to a basic type. （4）in Limonium otolepis（Schrenk. ）Kuntze. the pistil was composed of five carpels,the styles and stigmas were separated,the ovary was adnate with one chamber and basal placenta and one ovules that was crassinucellate with two integuments and thick nucellus and the micropyle was formed with the inner integument. （5）the archesporium occurred beneath nucellus epidermis and didived once to form sporogenous cells, which directly developed into megasporocytes; and the megasporocytes formed four linearly arranged megaspores and the megaspores at the end of chalaza were functional belonging to Polygonum type.

关 键 词：大孢子发生 小孢子发生 雌配子体 雄配子体 耳叶补血草 

分 类 号：Q944.58[生物学—植物学]