脊柱牵引康复的生物力学分析  

Biomechanical analysis of the rehabilitative therapy of spinal traction

作　　者：石国生[1] 韩树新[1] 任彪[1] 周彦萍 崔芸[3] 

机构地区：[1]河北经贸大学数学与统计学院信息与计算科学教研室,河北省石家庄市050061 [2]河北省应用数学研究所生物力学研究室,河北省石家庄市050081 [3]河北科技大学机械电子工程学院工程力学教研室,河北省石家庄市050051

出　　处：《中国临床康复》2006年第29期149-151,共3页Chinese Journal of Clinical Rehabilitation

基　　金：河北省教育厅自然科学专项基金资助(冀教科2004422)~~

摘　　要：目的:从生物力学观点出发,初步探讨脊柱牵引康复疗法的作用机制,为临床确定正确的牵引处方及牵引设备研制提供理论依据。资料来源:应用计算机检索PUBMED1995-01/2005-12期间的相关文章,检索词为“biomechanics,traction(tow)therapy,spine,clinical,rehabilitationmedicine”,并限定文章语言种类为English。同时计算机检索万方数据库2000-01/2005-12期间的相关文章,检索词为“脊柱牵引,生物力学,生物数学,临床,康复医学”,并限定文章语言种类为中文。资料选择:对资料进行初审,并查看每篇文献后的引文。纳入标准:文章所述内容应与脊柱牵引康复疗法的研究相关。排除标准:重复研究或Meta分析类文章。资料提炼:共收集到36篇相关文献,17篇文献符合纳入标准,排除的19篇文献为内容陈旧或重复。符合纳入标准的17篇文献中,2篇涉及脊柱的生物力学致病机制,8篇涉及脊柱牵引的一般方式,7篇涉及脊柱牵引疗法的康复机制。资料综合:牵引康复疗法是治疗脊柱疾患的主要方法之一。临床牵引一般的过程分为加载、保持和卸载三个阶段。临床上脊柱(含颈椎)牵引治疗方法的研究多是在牵引力的大小或牵引时体位的调整等应用方面,缺乏深入、系统的理论研究。在对脊柱牵引康复疗法的生物力学机制研究中,牵引是以拉伸的方式作用于脊柱,正是脊柱“长期主要外力为压力”的相逆作用的外力。在相逆作用力下,生物系统的反馈作用,病变的机体向着反致病机制的方向发展。结论:脊柱康复牵引治疗机制主要是牵引初期组织间的相对位移(几何位移)、持续牵引力作用下的生物材料的塑形(应力塑形)以及生物材料的力-电、力-化学耦合效应(多物理化学耦合)。OBJECTIVE： To explore the mechanism of rehabilitative therapy of spinal traction from the viewpoint of biomechanics, to provide theoretical evidence for identification of accurate traction prescription and equipment development. DATA SOURCES： A computer-based online search of PubMed was undertaken for related articles published in English between January 1995 and December 2005, with the key words of “biomechanics, traction （tow） therapy, spine, clinical, rehabilitation medicine”. Meanwhile, we searched the Wanfang database for related Chinese articles published between January 2000 and December 2005, with the key words of “spine traction, biomechanics, biomathematics, clinic, rehabilitation”in Chinese. STUDY SELECTION： All the data were selected firstly and looked up the references in each article. Inclusive criteria： articles related to rehabilitative therapy of spinal traction. Exclusive criteria： repetitive studies and Meta analysis. DATA EXTRACTION： Among the 36 collected articles, 17 ones met the inclusive criteria and 19 ones were old or .repetitive articles. In the 17 inclusive literatures, 2 ones were about biomechanics pathogenic mechanism of spine, 8 ones about common methods of spinal traction and 7 ones about rehabilitative mechanism of spinal traction therapy. DATA SYNTHESIS： Traction therapy is one of the methods to treat spinal diseases. There are three stages in clinical traction： loading, keeping and unloading. The researches in clinical spinal （containing cervical vertebrae） traction therapy are mainly focused on the power of traction or postural regulation in traction, with few profound and systemic theoretical researches. These studies on biomechanical mechanism of rehabilitative therapy of spinal traction suggest that traction can influence the spine by pulling and dragging, which is the adverse power to the external force of “main long-term pressure” to spine. The feedback of biological system and organism of pathological change can turn into the cou

关 键 词：生物力学 康复 脊柱 牵引术 综述文献 

分 类 号：R682.3[医药卫生—骨科学]