施硅对高锰诱发苹果粗皮病的影响  

Effects of silicon application on apple Intermal bark necrosis induced by high content of manganese

作　　者：高艳敏[1] 徐静[1] 高树清[1] 李广旭[1] 张琪静[1] 王斌 徐有丽 

机构地区：[1]辽宁省果树科学研究所,辽宁熊岳115214 [2]辽宁海城果业站,辽宁海城114200 [3]辽宁省农业技术学校,辽宁熊岳110161

出　　处：《植物营养与肥料学报》2006年第4期571-577,共7页Journal of Plant Nutrition and Fertilizers

基　　金：农业部跨越计划项目(2003070101);国家外专局国际合作项目(200220503);辽宁省自然科学基金项目(2040563)资助

摘　　要：为解决辽宁等地高锰引起苹果生理粗皮病发生的问题,2004年在盆栽脱毒富士幼苗上进行施锰的同时施硅与单施锰的试验,待叶、枝发生粗皮病后再施硅矫正。结果表明,本试验条件下施锰400 mg/kg的同时施硅400mg/kg,可安全有效防治粗皮病的发生;施锰400 mg/kg诱发叶片发病后,施硅400 mg/kg可较好地控制粗皮病的发生。施锰400 mg/kg枝干发病后施硅,对粗皮病的蔓延有一定控制作用,但效果不明显。随着施硅量增加,土壤速效钾含量提高,有效铁、有效锌含量降低,说明粗皮病的发生也与上述养分有关系。In order to address the problem of Internal bark necrosis （IBN） induced by high Mn content in Liaoning province, experiments involving simultaneous applications of Mn and Si were conducted on one year old virus-free Fuji apple trees. Further experiments using Si to correct IBN after its symptoms appearing on leaves and branches induced by earlier single Mn applications were also conducted. The results showed that the simultaneous application of Mn and Si both with the dosage of 400 mg/kg could effectively prevent Fuji trees from developing IBN. Application of Si at 400 mg/kg could control the development of IBN in leaves and reduce the symptoms in branches previously induced by application of Mn at 400 mg/kg. However, the effect on branches was less obvious than that in leaves. With increasing application of Mn, soil extractable K and Ca increased, while extractable Fe and Zn decreased in soil, which indicated that the incidence of IBN may be also related to captioned nutritional levels in soil.

关 键 词：硅 高锰 苹果 粗皮病 

分 类 号：S436.611[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治]