伴生杂草对小麦化感作用的研究初报  

Preliminary Study on the Allelopathy of Associated Weeds with Wheat

作　　者：张军林[1] 慕小倩 李晓玲[3] 张蒙[1] 彭帆[1] 

机构地区：[1]西北农林科技大学生命科学学院国家生命科学与技术人才培养基地,陕西杨凌712100 [2]西北农林科技大学生命科学学院,陕西杨凌712100 [3]西北农林科技大学葡萄酒学院,陕西杨凌712100

出　　处：《中国农学通报》2006年第7期458-461,共4页Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin

基　　金：国家十五攻关项目;西北农林科技大学科研重点项目资助(2002BA516A04)。

摘　　要：通过用播娘蒿、荠菜、野燕麦、婆婆纳、泽漆5种麦田杂草不同浓度梯度(0.01～0.10gDW/ml)的水提液对小麦进行室内滤纸培养试验,并对小麦的发芽率,根长,苗高,鲜重及干重五项指标进行了全面测试,初步研究了5种麦田杂草对小麦的化感作用。统计结果表明:5种麦田杂草的水提液对小麦的发芽均有明显抑制,其中当浓度为0.10gDW/ml时RI值在-0.516～-0.846之间;而对小麦幼苗的生长影响因种类有差异,其中荠菜、播娘蒿、泽漆对小麦有明显抑制作用,荠菜对小麦苗高的抑制不明显,而对根长、鲜重和干重有明显抑制,最大强度RI值在-0.168～-0.582之间,播娘蒿对小麦苗高的抑制也不明显,而对根长、鲜重和干重有明显抑制,最大强度RI值在-0.170～-0.756之间,泽漆对小麦苗高、根长、鲜重和干重有明显抑制,最大强度RI值在-0.182～-0.779之间;婆婆纳则表现出一定促进作用,尤其对小麦的鲜重和干重的促进作用较明显,最大强度RI在0.012～0.173之间,野燕麦对小麦幼苗影响在供试浓度内不明显。In order to get preliminary study on the allelopathy of associated weeds with wheat, this paper mainly deals with aqueous extracts of the associated weeds with the wheat effect on the wheat seed germination, root length, seedling height, seedling fresh weight and dry weight. Aqueous extracts of different concentration （0.01- 0.10 g DW/ml） wear respectively got from Descurainia sophia （L）Schur, Capsella bursa-pastoris （L）Medic, Arena fatua L, Veronica didyma Tenore, Euphorbia helioscopia L. Statistical analysis shows that all the tested aqueous extracts obviously inhibit the wheat germination, the RI were between- 0.516- -0.846 in the concentration of 0.10 g DW/ml. But they had different effects on the wheat seedling growth for the different verities-Capsella bursa-pastoris, Descurainia sophia （L） Schur and Euphorbia helioscopi L. evidently retard wheat growth., in that Capsella bursa-pastoris did not restraint seedling height clearly, but seedling fresh weight and dry weight and root length and the most intensional RI were between-0.168- -0.582, also Descurainia sophia （L） Schur did not restraint seedling height clearly, but seedling fresh weight and dry weight and root length and the most intensional RI were between-0.170- - 0.756, while Euphorbia helioscopi L. strongly inhibit root length, seedling height, seedling fresh weight and dry weight and the most intensional RI were between-0.182- -0.779. Veronica didyma Tenore has slightly stimulates it and the most intensional RI were between 0.012-0.173. In addition, Avenafatua L. does not clearly effect the growth within the experimental concentration range.

关 键 词：伴生杂草 小麦 化感作用 水提液 

分 类 号：S512.1[农业科学—作物学]