广州市售贝类麻痹性贝毒和腹泻性贝毒污染状况分析  

Analysis of paralytic shellfish poisoning and diarrhetic shellfish poisoning of bivalves in seafood market of Guangzhou

作　　者：杨莉[1] 杨维东[1] 刘洁生[1] 江涛[1] 

机构地区：[1]暨南大学生命科学技术学院,广州510632

出　　处：《卫生研究》2006年第4期435-439,共5页Journal of Hygiene Research

基　　金：国家重点基础研究发展规划项目"973"(No.2001CB409710;2001CB409709);广东省科技计划项目(No.2003C20412);广州市科技计划项目(No.2002J1-C0011)

摘　　要：目的对广州市售双壳经济贝类麻痹性贝毒(PSP)和腹泻性贝毒(DSP)污染状况进行为期一年的抽样调查,了解其食用安全性。方法采用AOAC推荐的小鼠生物检测法进行PSP和DSP的毒力测定,采用HPLC进行PSP成分分析,根据FAO、日本和欧盟水产食品卫生要求及我国渔政渔港监督管理局制订的贝类安全食用标准对贝类水产品的食用安全性进行评价。结果在所调查的7种贝类中,有2种染有PSP,毒素含量在安全食用范围内,毒力大小随季节而变化,春冬两季含量相对较高;7种贝类中有6种共计36个样品染有DSP,有10个样品毒素含量超出安全食用标准,春冬两季染毒率较高。结论广州市售贝类PSP含量和检出率整体水平较低;DSP检出率稍高,毒素含量也较高,应引起有关部门的关注,加强DSP监测工作。Objective Paralytic shellfish poisoning （PSP） and diarrhetic shellfish poisoning （DSP） in 7 species of economical shellfishes were analyzed for 1 year, which collected from Huangsha seafood market of Guangzhou from Apr, 2004 to Mar, 2005. Methods The levels of PSP and DSP in bivalves were determined with mouse bioassay of AOAC. The risk assessment of PSP and DSP in bivalves was conducted according to FAO and Chinese Administration Organization of Fish Culture and Seaport. Results PSP was detected in 2 species of the shellfishes assayed and DSP was found out in 6 species. The content of PSP was lower than 4MU/g tissue, whereas the level of PSP in glands was higher than in muscles. DSP toxin was detected in 36 samples of 6 species, what is more, DSP level in 10 samples exceeded the safety threshold. The levels in PSP and DSP of bivalves were all higher in spring and winter with some characteristic of season. Conclusin The results suggested that PSP in economical shellfish in Guangzhou market was lower, and shellfish was safe to eat in term of the PSP level if glands were discarded, but DSP contamination in bivalves was severe. It is essential to detect and assess the risk of DSP and PSP in bivalves from seafood market in the future.

关 键 词：麻痹性贝毒 腹泻性贝毒 贝类毒素 监测 

分 类 号：R155.55[医药卫生—营养与食品卫生学]