汕头市麻疹流行病学和血清学监测分析  

Analysis of Measles Surveillance in Shantou from 2001 to 2005

作　　者：郭昕东 黄建晖[1] 蔡咏娜 黄少珊 江钟群 

机构地区：[1]汕头市疾病预防控制中心,汕头515031

出　　处：《热带医学杂志》2006年第7期805-807,共3页Journal of Tropical Medicine

摘　　要：目的了解麻疹流行病学特征和人群麻疹免疫水平,为预防、控制麻疹策略的制订提供科学的依据。方法使用描述流行病学对汕头市2001～2005年麻疹监测资料进行分析。结果2001～2005年汕头市报告疑似麻疹661例,确诊520例,年发病率0.32～3.44/10万,平均2.20/10万,4～5月是发病的高峰期,学龄前儿童发病占全部病例的65.38%,学龄儿童和青壮年分别占21.54%和13.08%。发生在中心城区的病例86.85%是外地户籍人群,发生在其它地区的病例65.80%是本地户籍人群。86.38%的病例没有麻疹疫苗免疫史或免疫史不详。随机抽查2～4岁、6～8岁、13～15岁不同年龄组健康人群917人检测麻疹IgG抗体,检测结果,麻疹IgG抗体阳性886人,阳性率为96.62%,GMT为1∶1437。麻疹IgG抗体达到保护水平785人,保护率85.61%。不同年龄组麻疹抗体阳性率(93.35%、98.35%和98.65%)有非常显著的统计学差别(!2=16.95,!<0.001)。结论落实流动人群和免疫空白人群麻疹疫苗的预防接种,提高麻疹疫苗接种率,是当前控制麻疹的重要工作。Objective To analyze epidemiological and serological characteristics of measles in shantou from 2001 to 2005, and provide basis for preventive and control measures of the disease. Methods The descriptive epidemiological method was applied to analyze the data of measles surveillance. Results 661 suspected measles cases were reported altogether from 2001-2005, with 520 cases confirmed. From 2001-2005 the average morbidity in Shantou was 2.20/100000, with the seasonal peak in April and May. Preschoolers and adolescents were predominantly affected by the disease. Among the confirmed cases, 13.62% （58/426） had a history of measles immunization, 40.38% （172/426） had no immunization history and 46.01% （196/426） were uncertain. In urban area most of the cases occurred in the floating population （86.85 % ）, while in rural areas mainly occurred in the native population （65.80%）.917 sera from healthy population were detected for measles antibodies, with a seropositive rate of 96.62% and protective rate of 85.61%. The geometric mean titer （GMT） was 1：1437. The anti-measles IgG antibodies positive rate showed significant differences among different age group （ 2-4 years, 6-8 years, 13-15 years） （ χ^2= 16.95, P〈 0.001）. Conclusion Prompt actions should be taken to reduce the measles morbidity in native children. Immunization programme should be implemented to increase the coverage for floating children.

关 键 词：麻疹 流行病学特征 IGG 监测 

分 类 号：R511.1[医药卫生—内科学]