不规则重磁测线网误差模型的约束最小二乘平差  

Constraint Least-square Adjustment for Marine Gravity and Magnetic Track-line Data in Irregular Survey Network with Arbitrary Error Model

作　　者：高金耀[1] 张涛[1] 谭勇华[1] 李新[1] 

机构地区：[1]国家海洋局第二海洋研究所海底科学重点实验室,浙江杭州310012

出　　处：《海洋测绘》2006年第4期6-10,20,共6页Hydrographic Surveying and Charting

基　　金：国家重点基础研究发展规划项目(G2000046703);国际海底区域研究开发"十五"计划资源勘查与评价项目(DY105-01-04-4)

摘　　要：传统实用的海洋重力、磁力测线网平差方法主要为规则测线网设计,并只就线偏差进行调整,用于处理航次数据之间的拼接时效果不理想。为了解决重磁测线数据拼接和建库工作中碰到的误差难以调平的问题,设计、建立了不规则海洋重磁测线网的任意复杂误差模型的最小二乘平差方法,将线偏差纳入到任意复杂(如非线性和周期性)的误差模型中,归纳出最小二乘条件方程系数矩阵的直接构制法。针对可能出现的解不稳定,放弃不易实用的权矩阵,引入两种解决方法:先验确定部分测线误差分布的固定测线法和视误差大小实施系数矩阵对角线微扰动的泛约束法。The traditional least-square adjustment method available for marine gravity and magnetic mackline data are often designed only for the regular survey network. Its reduced error is just the constant errors of survey lines and area. It isn＇t good at assembling gravity or magnetic data from different cruises. As measurement errors aren＇ t simply reduced from gravity or magnetic track-line data when they are assembled into the database, we have proposed and successfully realized a new least-square adjustment method for marine gravity and magnetic track-line data in any irregular survey network with arbitrary error models. The constant errors of survey area and lines can be completely presented in a complicated error model （ nonlinear or cycling）. A set of concise formulae and straightforward rules are concluded for constructing coefficient matrix of the leastsquare normal equation. Two schemes are successfully tested to prevent from the solution instability： （ 1 ） Fixing mack-lines coefficients of the error model of several optimizing lines being determined in advance, and （2） General constraint micro-perturbation being added to diagonal elements of the coefficient matrix according to error distribution.

关 键 词：海洋重力 海洋磁力 不规则测线网 复杂误差模型 最小二乘平差 

分 类 号：P738.2[天文地球—海洋地质]