川西平原大足鼠的种群生态学Ⅱ．存活和运动  

POPULATION ECOLOGY OF RATTUS NITIDUS IN THE WESTERN SICHUAN PLAIN Ⅱ.SURVIVAL AND MOVEMENT

作　　者：曾宗永[1] 丁维俊[1] 罗明澍 杨跃敏 宋志明 梁俊书 谢荣凯 

机构地区：[1]四川联合大学生物系

出　　处：《兽类学报》1996年第4期278-284,278-284,共7页Acta Theriologica Sinica

摘　　要：本文用６年半的标志重捕资料、夹捕解剖和人工饲养资料说明了川西平原大足鼠的存活和运动特征，结果表明：大多数个体首末两次被捕的时间间隔小于４个月；雄雌寿命分别为１２和１５个月，雄性长于雌性。有９０％的成体在其活动中心运动，平均运动距离雄雌分别是３９ｍ和３５ｍ；有１０％的成体发生扩散，离开它们的活动中心，平均扩散距离雄性和雌性分别为１１５ｍ和１４０ｍ。我们所获得的关于大足鼠生活史的长期资料，说明它为了适应多变的农田环境条件，进化形成了成年个体有明显的扩散和寿命较短的特征。Six and a half years' mark-recapture, trap-dissection and captive feeding data are presented to characterize survival and movement of Rattus nitidus in the Western Sichuan Plain. The results show that interval between first and last capture for most of individuals was less than 4months. Life span of males and females was at least 12 and 15 months, respectively. The male individuals lived longer than the female individuals. Of the adult individuals 90% moved with mean movement distance 39m(male) and 35 m(female) within their active center, and 10%dispersed 115 m (male)and 140 m (female) off their active center. Our long-term data on life history emphasize the importance of apparent frequency of adult dispersal due to flexible and facultative response of individuals to changeable and predictable environmental conditions, and short life span of R. nititdus as well.

关 键 词：大足鼠 生活史 存活 运动 

分 类 号：S443[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治] Q959.837[农业科学—植物保护]