铅暴露对婴幼儿发育商数影响的队列研究  

Cohort study on effects of antenatal and postnatal lead exposure on infants developmental quotient

作　　者：沈彤[1] 朱中平[1] 俞翠莲[1] 刘俊玲[1] 邹武庆[1] 姜玉屏[1] 章习斌[1] 朱启星[1] 

机构地区：[1]安徽医科大学公共卫生学院毒理学系,合肥230032

出　　处：《中国公共卫生》2006年第8期906-908,共3页Chinese Journal of Public Health

基　　金：安徽省教育厅科研基金资助(2003KJ179);安徽省计划生育科研项目(200306);安徽省卫生厅科研项目(2002B090)

摘　　要：目的了解婴幼儿出生前后铅暴露对其智力发育的影响。方法采用前瞻性队列研究的方法,建立新婚夫妇研究队列,进行基线调查、孕前观察、孕期随访、分娩及新生儿情况记录,及子代发育商数测定和跟踪问卷调查;并用石墨炉原子吸收法测定基线血、孕中血、脐带血和婴幼儿血铅水平;纵向分析出生前后铅暴露水平对婴幼儿智力发育的影响。结果婴幼儿适应性行为能区发育商在父亲基线血铅高、低2组间,语言和个人-社交行为能区发育商数在婴幼儿血铅高低2组间差异有统计学意义。相关分析显示不同血样的血铅水平与婴幼儿5个行为能区发育商数均呈负相关,逐步回归分析显示,婴幼儿每个行为能区发育商数均与不同个体的血铅水平有关。结论环境铅暴露可能导致婴幼儿智力发育迟缓,且不同行为能区发育的损伤程度与出生前后不同时期的暴露有关,防治铅对儿童的危害应在出生前就开始。Objective To explore the effect of antenatal and postnatal lead exposure on infants intelligrnce development in lead polluting area. Methods Prospective cohort study was performed, followed - up the newly wedding couples and their offspring living in lead polluting area, investigation were carried out in the course. Meanwhile, blood were drawn and levels of lead in baseline blood, mid pregnancy blood, umbilical cord blood, Meanwhile, blood were drawn and levels of lead in baseline blood, mid pregnancy blood, umbilical cord blood, infants blood were measured with atomic absorption aprctrophototmetry. Results The different of developmental quotient of infant adaptive bahavior had significant between the high and low lead of parent badeline blood, developmental quotient of infant language and personal social behavior in infant blood. There were negative relation btweem blood lead leves and developmental quotient of 5 infant behavior. Multiple stepwise regression analysis showed blood lead levels entered the regression eqution of developmental quotient. Conclusion Infants intelligence development retard caused by lead exposure, was associated with antenatal and postnatal exposure even lead load in parent, prevention of child lead poisoning began from antenatal.

关 键 词：铅暴露 婴幼儿 发育商数 队列研究 

分 类 号：R179[医药卫生—妇幼卫生保健] X503.1[医药卫生—公共卫生与预防医学]