西安市麻疹流行病原毒株和疫苗免疫因素研究  

Study on pathogenic strain and vaccination immunity factors of measles circulating in Xi'an city

作　　者：李平[1] 司源[1] 武继守[1] 张青华[2] 关蓉晖[1] 刘毅[1] 

机构地区：[1]陕西省疾病预防控制中心计划免疫科,西安710054 [2]陕西省西安市疾病预防控制中心

出　　处：《中国公共卫生》2006年第8期944-946,共3页Chinese Journal of Public Health

基　　金：陕西省自然科学基金资助项目(2000SM61)

摘　　要：目的确定引起西安市麻疹流行的病原毒株,探讨相关的疫苗免疫因素。方法采集麻疹病人咽拭子标本分离病毒,用酚-氯仿抽提法提取病毒悬液中的RNA,逆转录-聚合酶链反应(RT-PCR)扩增N基因碳末端的450个核苷酸(bp)片段,对扩增产物进行序列测定和基因分型。用微量中和试验测定麻疹病人急性期和恢复期血清中和麻疹疫苗株和野毒株的中和抗体水平。结果采集咽拭子标本13份,分离出麻疹病毒8株,分离率61.54%;8株麻疹病毒均为H1基因型H1a亚型。结论H1基因型H1a亚型是引起西安市本次麻疹流行的病原病毒。此次麻疹流行不排除疫苗保护性下降因素和麻疹疫苗免疫工作中存在无效接种而造成的免疫空白。Objective To identify the pathogenic strain that result in measles epidemic in Xi＇ an city, and to search for factors concerning measles vaccination. Methods Samples of throat swabs from measles patients were collected for isolation of measles virus; to obtain DNA from suspending liquors containing measles virus by the phenol- chloroform extraction method; to amplify 450 nuclcotide segments （bp） in carbon- terminal of N - gene by reverse transcription polymerase- linked reaction （RT- PCT）, and to identify the sequence and genotype of the amplified segments. The neutralization antibody levels for measles vaccine virus and wild measles virus in sera of measles patients in acute phase and convalescent phase were determined by trace neutralization test. Results A total of 13 samples of throat swabs were collected, with 8 strains of positive measles virus isolated, the isolation rate was 61.5 % ; all of isolated virus were Hla gene subtype of measles virus. Conclusion H1 genotype H1a subtype was the strain that resulted in epidemic of measles in Xi＇ an City. At the same time, reduction in immunity against measles and existence of immunization space areas caused by ineffective vaccination during the work of measles could not be excluded.

关 键 词：麻疹病毒 基因分型 中和抗体 

分 类 号：R511.1[医药卫生—内科学]