山区水库季节性灌溉对感染性钉螺产生的潜在影响  

Study on the potential impact of man-made seasonal irrigation on the development of the infected snails in hilly reservoir

作　　者：吕大兵[1] 汪天平[1] 吴维铎[1] 孙本荣[2] 操治国[1] 冯杏生 张世清[1] 项稀鹏 杨晓林[2] 方国仁[1] 

机构地区：[1]安徽省血吸虫病防治研究所,芜湖市241000 [2]安徽省宿松县血吸虫病防治站

出　　处：《热带病与寄生虫学》2006年第2期63-66,74,共5页Journal of Tropical Diseases and Parasitology

基　　金："十五"国家科技攻关课题(2004BA718B04)

摘　　要：目的了解山区水库季节性灌溉对感染性钉螺产生的潜在影响。方法在安徽钓鱼台水库灌区,选择一段干渠和相临的一段支渠为螺情观察点,每月系统抽样查螺,室内观察钉螺含血吸虫情况;收集气象、水文资料;结合已有的基础理论研究,推算感染性钉螺被毛蚴攻击感染的季节,分析感染性钉螺与季节性灌溉的关系。结果春季发现的感染性钉螺可能系上年8月16日￣9月2日被血吸虫毛蚴攻击感染;8月份以后发现的感染性钉螺系分期成批形成,攻击感染时段主要集中在当年7月4日￣11日,以及8月26日￣9月中上旬。水库短续放水灌溉的时期与钉螺被毛蚴攻击时段一致,放水高峰期(7、8月份)与主要攻击感染时段(分布频次)相重叠,水库放水末期出现又一攻击感染高峰。在钉螺被毛蚴攻击感染时段降雨量也相对集中。结论在人工灌区,季节性灌溉肯定促进灌溉渠中感染性钉螺的产生,但不能完全排除降雨的影响。Objective To learn the potential impact of seasonal irrigation on the infected snails in a hilly reservoir. Methods In the irrigation area of Diaoyutai reservoir in Anhui, a section of the main channel and a neighboring branch were selected as survey spots, systemic survey of snails had been carried out each month for a whole year, all snails were anatomized to see if they were infected with schistosoma, the temperature and water level in the part of the main channel were recorded when each survey was conducted, combined with present theories, the period for snails to be infected was inferred. Results The infected snails found in the spring may be attacked by larvae ofschistosoma fi：om the 16^th of Aug. to the 2^nd of Sep. in last year;, the infected snails found after Aug. may be attacked in groups, and the attacked period may be from the 4^th of Jul. to 11^th of Jul. and fi：om the 26^th of Aug. to the end of Nov.. The periods of irrigation and the periods when mails to be attacked were unanimous, and the peak in the period of irrigation was overlapped with the main time for snails to be attacked. Another small peak in attacking snails appeared at the end of irrigation. In addition, more rainfall appeared during the periods when snails were attacked. Conclusions In the man-made irrigation area, seasonal irrigation absolutely promoted the development of infected snails, but the role of rainfall in the infection of snails was not completely ruled out and need to make a further research.

关 键 词：水库 季节性灌溉 感染性钉螺 

分 类 号：R383.24[医药卫生—医学寄生虫学] R135.1[医药卫生—基础医学]