近50年来挠力河流域居民地、耕地和沼泽地动态关系分析  

The Dynamic Changes Among Human Habitats-Farmland-Wetland in Naoli River Basin During the Last Fifty Years

作　　者：吴运军[1] 张树文[1] 侯伟[1] 张养贞[1] 包春红[2] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院东北地理与农业生态研究所 [2]湖南农业大学资源与环境学院,长沙410128

出　　处：《资源科学》2006年第4期78-83,共6页Resources Science

基　　金：中国科学院知识创新工程重要方向项目"东北地区100年LUCC数字重建"(编号:KZCX2-SW-320-1)

摘　　要：居民地是人类活动的源地,是人类活动强度的空间表现。本文结合居民地信息,从空间上定量揭示了近50年来人类活动对挠力河流域湿地退缩和耕地扩展这一主要景观演化的影响机制。在各个时期,居民地面积数量都远小于耕地和湿地面积数量,但居民地对耕地和湿地的影响是比较显著的,耕地和湿地年变化率随居民地年变化率大小变化而变化。各期间三类地物都有相互转化的现象,但主要转换模式是湿地-耕地和耕地-居民地。基于居民地、耕地扩张及湿地退缩强度空间动态变化分析发现,居民地扩张强度大小不仅影响后两者的强度大小,同时居民地扩张强度空间格局也规定了后两者的动态变化空间格局。Human habitat is the source land for activities of human being. This paper revealed the mechanism of landscape changes among human habitants, farmland and wetland in NaoLi River Basin. Based on MSS and TM map, the information of land use change ＆ land cover in Naili fiver basin during the last fifty years was extracted. Results showed that human settlement land and farmland have been expanding and wetlands have been shrinking since 1954. In 1954, the area of settlement land, farmland and wetland was 61.53km^2, 2 059.57km^2 and 11 496.43km^2 respectively. In 2000, the area of settlement land, farmland and wetland respectively was 480.55km^2, 14 317.59km^2 and 2 775.16km^2. The area of settlement land was far below the area of wetland and farmland, but the annual change ratio of wetland and farmland was affected by the annual change ratio of settlement land. The ratio of annual change in these land types was highest from 1975 to 1986 and lowest from 1986 to 2000. There is a conversion between settlement land, wetland and farmland during different periods. The conversions from wetland to farmland and from farmland to settlement land were dominant. In order to study the effects of spatial pattern change of human settlement on farmland and wetland, the 1km cell spatial datasets were used to analyses the spatial changes of land use. Comparing spatial pattern change among three types of land use, it is found that the changes of spatial pattern of human settlement control the change of others. In early stages of 1954 - 1975, the location and geometry of hig-hextension region of farmland is the same as human settlement land. In late stage of 1986 ～2000, the change of spatial pattern of human settlement had less effect on farmland, but most high-extension region of both land types overlapping each other. Geometry of high-shrinking region of wetland is not same as that of human settlement, but the location of center of high-shrinking region of wetland is consistent with human settlement land.

关 键 词：挠力河流域 居民地 耕地 湿地 动态变化 

分 类 号：F301[经济管理—产业经济] F224