黄河中上游水土流失区水资源可持续利用模式  

Sustainable Water Resources Use in Soil-Erosion Areasin Upper and Middle Reaches of the Yellow River

作　　者：秦大庸[1] 冯琳[2] 刘俊[1] 鲁欣[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国水利水电科学研究院水资源研究所,北京100044 [2]国家防汛抗旱总指挥部办公室,北京100053

出　　处：《资源科学》2006年第4期172-176,共5页Resources Science

基　　金：国家重点基础研究(973)项目"黄河流域水资源演变规律与二元演化模型"(编号:G1999043602)

摘　　要：提出了黄河中上游水土流失区的水资源可持续利用模式。为保障该区域生态经济系统的可持续发展,缓解区域内经济发展与资源短缺、生态环境脆弱之间的矛盾,其水资源可持续利用模式主要包括5个方面:①严格控制人口数量、鼓励外出劳务、提高人口素质;②采取各种措施充分利用雨水资源;③积极推进以坡改梯为主要内容的水土保持综合开发、增加涵蓄汛期雨洪资源能力;④发展窑窖集雨补充灌溉农业和推广应用各种适宜的节水灌溉技术;⑤调整产业结构、发展生态农业、促进区域经济发展。The main inconsistency between economic development, resource shortage and environmental deterioration in the Region with water and soil erosion in the Loess Plateau are becoming more and more leads to the low income of farmers. The paper put forward the mode of sustainable utilization of water resources in areas suffering from soil and water loss in upper and middle reaches of Yellow river. The mode consists mainly of five aspects： 1 ） controlling population growth, enhancing the quality of population and encouraging people to go out of those areas to work in order to alleviate the population pressure on the unit land; 2） taking all sorts of measures to enhance the efficiency of water resource use based on reasonable and effective utilization of surface water and ground water; 3） promoting actively water and soil conservation. The main measure is to transform slope land into terrace and increase the capacity of soil water-holding; 4） implementing rainfall harvest project to gather rainwater for supplementary irrigation and extending feasible techniques of water-saving irrigation; 5 ） adjusting the structure of agriculture production, developing ecological agriculture and multi-economy, promoting the protection of environment, promoting economic development and increasing farmers＇ income.

关 键 词：水土流失 雨水利用 小流域 窑窖集雨 生态型农业 黄河中上游 

分 类 号：TV213[水利工程—水文学及水资源]