新生儿乙肝疫苗免疫效果和影响及时免疫原因调查分析  

Investigation and Analysis on Hepatitis B Vaccine in Newborns Immunization and It's Reason for Missing Timely Immunized in Shantou

作　　者：郭昕东 谢云[1] 陈少鸯 黄少珊 蔡咏娜 江钟群 

机构地区：[1]汕头市疾病预防控制中心,广东汕头515031

出　　处：《中国初级卫生保健》2006年第8期46-48,共3页Chinese Primary Health Care

摘　　要：目的了解新生儿乙肝疫苗接种率和不及时接种原因,为进一步落实乙肝预防控制规划提供科学的依据。方法使用组群随机抽样调查的方法。结果汕头市乙肝疫苗纳入儿童计划免疫后,新生儿第一针乙肝疫苗及时接种率、三针全程接种率和三针全程及时接种率分别达到了67.41%、91.09%和66.30%,显著高于乙肝疫苗纳入儿童计划免疫前的33.88%、61.88%和32.71%,(χ2=86.86,89.21,88.05,P<0.001);由医院产科负责第一针乙肝疫苗接种的及时接种率明显高于由医院计划免疫门诊和村接生员负责接种的及时率(χ2=107.26,P<0.001)。结论落实农村新生儿乙肝疫苗的及时接种和落实“谁接生,谁接种”是全面提高乙肝疫苗接种率的重要保证。OBJECTIVE Studies and analysis on immunization coverage rate of hepatitis B （HB） vaccine and the rate of carrying surface antigens （HBsAg） of HB virus of children after HB vaccine was brought into EPI in Shantou. METHODS Stratified （the urban - was first layer and the rural area was second layer） cluster sampling methods was applied to children belows 3 years old into this investigation）. RESULTS The results showed the first dose timely coverage rate, the whole course vaccination rate and the whole course timely vaccination rate of HB vaccine were 67.41%, 91.09% and 66.30% after HB vaccine was brought into EPI in Shantou . The first dose timely coverage rate, the whole course vaccination rate and the whole course timely vaccination rate of HB vaccine have significant differentce between before （33.88%, 61.88% and 32.71%） and after HB vaccine was brought into EPI （X^2=86.86, 89.21, 88. 05 P〈0.001） . The timely vaccination rate of the first dose of HB vaccine for newborns reached was highest for all forms vaccination （X^2= 107.26, P〈0.001）. CONCLUSIONS The data suggest that Raising the timely vaccination rate of HB vaccine in rural areas and that to strengthen the administration of timeliness of HB vaccine immunization of hospitals in this affair are the main task to improve the quality of HB vaccination hereafter.

关 键 词：乙型肝炎疫苗 接种率 及时接种率 影响原因 HBSAG携带率 

分 类 号：R186[医药卫生—流行病学]