先秦黄钟律管考——利用现代声学公式推测先秦黄钟律管管径的尝试  

Research on the Xian Qin Huangzhong Pipe:An Attempt to Calculate the Inside Diameter of Huangzhong Pipe with Modern Acoustic Formula

作　　者：夏季[1] 王昌燧[2] 郑聪[3] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学技术大学人文学院,合肥230026 [2]中国科学院研究生院人文学院科技史与科技考古系,北京100039 [3]洛阳师范学院音乐系,河南洛阳471022

出　　处：《自然科学史研究》2006年第3期239-245,共7页Studies in The History of Natural Sciences

基　　金：中国科学技术大学研究生创新基金;国家自然科学基金(项目编号:10174074)

摘　　要：《吕氏春秋》记载的黄钟律管长度为三寸九分,而汉代后,古人普遍采纳黄钟九寸。为了研究先秦黄钟律管真实长度,对文献进行系统地考证,发现《吕氏春秋》记载的三寸九分黄钟律管应为清黄钟律管,发音当是九寸管的高八度。文献研究亦表明了先秦古人听声定律的事实,即三寸九分律管和九寸律管都为听声定律产物。由此,根据声学公式,结合文献考证,计算了黄钟律管的管径,结论为：先秦律管应是竹管,管径范围约是0．71寸。同时,考证了黄钟律管八寸十分一说和八寸七分一说,认为这两种说法都不可靠。Lüzhi Chunqiu （ Master Lü＇s Spring and Autumn Annals） states that the Huangzhong pitch pipe has a length of 3.9 curt,whereas according to the literature of Han Dynasty,it is 9 curt long. The authors made a comprehensive survey to find out the real length of the pipe. It is the Qing Huangzhong pipe that is recorded in Lüshi Chunqiu. And its pitch is octachord of 9 curt Huangzhong pipe. Using the currently accepted acoustic formula, it can be inferred that the inside diameter of the Xian Qin bamboo pipe must be about 0.71 curt. This paper also argues that the 8.1 curt pipe hypothesis and the 8.71 curt pipe hypothesis are groundless.

关 键 词：黄钟 律管 管口校正 

分 类 号：J612[艺术—音乐]