源库调节对小麦籽粒灌浆及光合特性的影响  

Effect of Source-sink Manipulation on Grain Filling and Photosynthesis of Wheat

作　　者：马冬云[1] 郭天财[1] 宋晓[1] 查菲娜[1] 岳艳军[1] 王化岑[1] 

机构地区：[1]河南农业大学/国家小麦工程技术研究中心,河南郑州450002

出　　处：《麦类作物学报》2006年第4期74-78,共5页Journal of Triticeae Crops

基　　金：河南省重大科技攻关项目(0522010100);国家粮食丰产科技工程项目(2004BA520A06-6)

摘　　要：为探讨不同穗型超高产小麦品种的源库关系,通过剪叶和去穗处理研究了两个不同穗型小麦品种“兰考矮早八”和“豫麦49-198”的籽粒灌浆和光合特性。结果表明,两个品种的籽粒体积、千粒重、灌浆速率在花后15 d之后均表现为去穗处理>对照>去叶处理。去叶处理使两个品种的千粒重、灌浆速率均有所下降,其中豫麦49-198较对照下降最大比例分别为24.4%和22%,兰考矮早八下降的最大比例分别为7.6%和9%;去穗处理使两个品种的千粒重和灌浆速率均有所增加,其中豫麦49-198较对照增加的最大比例分别为11.1%和17%,兰考矮早八增加的最大比例分别为12.2%和17.25%。源库改变对两个品种的光合特性均有影响,表现为对照旗叶>去穗旗叶>去叶倒二叶>对照倒二叶。随着灌浆进程,豫麦49-198去叶处理的倒二叶光合速率较对照增加的比例从40%减为25%,兰考矮早八去穗处理的旗叶光合速率较对照下降的比例从27%减为20%。By means of leaf-cutting and spikelet-removing, the effects of source-sink manipulation on grain filling and photosynthesis of two wheat cultivars with different spike-type were studied. The resuits showed that kernel volume,1000-grain weight and grain filling rate declined from 15 d after anthesis in a decreasing order of spikelet removal〉control〉flag leaf removal. The 1000-grian weight and grian filling rate of Yumai 49-198 in flag leaf removal treatment decreased 24% and 22%, While that of Lankaoaizao 8 decreased 7.6%and 9%,respectively. The 1000-grain weight and grain fillingrate of Yumai 49-198 in spikelet removal treatment increased 11. 1% and 17%, while that of Lankaoaizao8 increased 12. 2% and 17. 25%, respectively. Source-sink manipulation had effects on photosynthesis rate of two wheat cultivars. The photosynthesis rate of two wheat cultivars declined after anthesis in a decreasing order of flag leaf in control〉flag leaf in spikelet removal treatment〉 penultimate flag in flag leaf removal treatment〉penultimate flag in control. The photosynthesis rate of penultimate flag of Yumai 49-198 in flag leaf removal treatment decreased from 40% to 25% with grai.n filling. The photosynthesis rate of flag leaf of Lankaoaizao 8 in spikelet removal treatment declined from 27% to 20% with grain filling.

关 键 词：小麦 源库改变 灌浆 光合特性 

分 类 号：S512.1[农业科学—作物学] S311