棉籽油酯交换制备生物柴油固体碱催化过程研究  

Biodiesel from Transesterification of Cotton Seed Oil by Solid Bases Catalysis

作　　者：陈和[1] 王金福[1] 

机构地区：[1]清华大学化工系,北京100084

出　　处：《高校化学工程学报》2006年第4期593-597,共5页Journal of Chemical Engineering of Chinese Universities

基　　金：国家重点基础研究发展计划(973计划)(2004CB719706)。

摘　　要：生物柴油(脂肪酸甲酯)可以由棉籽油与甲醇在碱催化剂的作用下通过酯交换反应制得。本实验通过高温煅烧氢氧化镁、碳酸钙及镁-铝水滑石得到了相应的固体碱催化剂MgO、CaO及MgO-Al2O3,并对催化剂活性进行评价。实验结果表明,CaO及MgO-Al2O3具有较高的酯交换反应活性:在230℃,醇油摩尔比12:1及催化剂用量为棉籽油2%(wt)的条件下,反应3h后,甲酯的收率达到90%以上。CO2-TPD实验结果表明,CaO及MgO-Al2O3具有较强和较多的碱性位,而催化剂的活性与碱强度及碱性位数量直接相关。Methyl esters （biodicsel） were produced by transesterification of cottonseed oil with methanol in the presence of solid bases as heterogeneous catalyst. The solid base catalysts MgO, CaO and MgO-Al2O3 were prepared respectively from the dissociation of basic magnesium hydroxide, calcium carbonate and hydrotalcite at elevated temperature. The experiments show that the CaO and MgO-Al2O3 have high catalytic activity for transesterification reaction, and the yield of methyl esters reaches over 90% under the condition of 230℃, methanol/oil mole ratio of 12, and catalyst dosage（catalysVoil） of 2% after reaction 3h. The CO2-TPD profiles show that the catalysts CaO and MgO-Al2O3 have high base strength and more amount of base site, which implicates those catalysts will have a higher catalytic activity.

关 键 词：固体碱 生物柴油 脂肪酸甲酯 棉籽油 酯交换 

分 类 号：TQ645.8[化学工程—精细化工]