络合萃取法分离一元有机羧酸盐析效应的研究  

Salting-Out Effect on Complexation Extraction of Monocarboxylic Acids

作　　者：管国锋[1] 徐晨[1] 万辉[1] 姚虎卿[1] 

机构地区：[1]南京工业大学化学化工学院,江苏南京210009

出　　处：《高校化学工程学报》2006年第4期657-660,共4页Journal of Chemical Engineering of Chinese Universities

基　　金：江苏省高校自然科学基金资助项目(03KJB530042)

摘　　要：络合萃取法对极性有机物稀溶液的分离具有高效性和高选择性,今选择醋酸、丁酸为分离对象,三烷基胺为络合剂,正辛醇为极性稀释剂,加氢煤油和甲苯为惰性稀释剂,考察了无机盐硫酸钠、氯化钠、硝酸钠对萃取过程的影响,探讨了分配系数D随盐浓度变化的规律,分析了产生盐析效应的原因,并对实验数据进行关联得到盐析效应的经验公式。Based on reversible chemical complexation, the complexation extraction is a highly effective and selective separation method which can be used to extract the monocarboxylic acid from its dilute solution. Using trialkylamine as the complex agent, the n-octanol as ＂active＂ polar diluent, the kerosene and toluene as ＂inert＂ diluent, the complexation extractions of acetic acid and butyric acid from their dilute solutions were studied respectively. The salting-out effects of different kinds of salts used （sodium nitrate, sodium chloride and sodium sulfate） on the extraction process were investigated. Experimental results show that extraction distribution ratio increases with the increase of salt concentration, and the salting-out effects on acetic acid are in the order of sodium nitrate 〉 sodium chloride 〉 sodium sulfate. However, the order of the salt-out effects on butyric acid is the inverse of that on acetic acid. The interaction mechanisms among the extractant, carboxylic acid and the salt were analyzed. Based on the experimental data, an empirical equation for the salting-out effect was proposed.

关 键 词：络合萃取 醋酸 丁酸 三烷基胺 盐析 

分 类 号：O652.62[理学—分析化学] TQ028.8[理学—化学]