富含血小板血浆在骨组织工程中的应用进展  

Development of platelet rich plasma in bone tissue engineering

作　　者：张森林[1] 毛天球[2] 

机构地区：[1]南京军区南京总医院口腔科,江苏南京210002 [2]第四军医大学口腔医学院口腔颌面外科,陕西西安710032

出　　处：《医学研究生学报》2006年第8期737-740,744,共5页Journal of Medical Postgraduates

基　　金：国家重点基础研究发展规划项目基金资助(批准号:G1999054308)

摘　　要：富含血小板血浆（PRP）中的血小板浓度比全血高4～5倍以上，含有高浓度促进骨组织和软组织再生修复的生长因子。PRP可促进骨髓间质干细胞和成骨细胞的增殖；与β-磷酸三钙、生物陶瓷或自体骨复合，可明显促进骨缺损的修复；PRP单独填充拔牙创可促进牙槽骨的再生；与自体骨、异种骨或羟基磷灰石（HA）复合，适合于修复齿槽突裂或牙周骨缺损；与自体骨髓间质干细胞复合而形成的可注射组织工程骨能加快成骨牵引的成骨速度。PRP中的血小板通过脱粒方式分泌生长因子。所用的PRP中血小板浓度、质量、是否来源于自体以及骨缺损模型所用的动物等均会影响研究结果和结论的可靠性。PRP在骨组织工程中有广阔的应用前景。Platelet rich plasma is an autologous concentration of platelet that has a 4 to 5-fold or more increase over baseline platelet number, and it is a concentration of the growth factors proved to be actively secreted by platelets to initiate all wound healing. PRP enhances bone marrow stromal cells and osteoblasts proliferation in vitro. PRP combined with β-tricalcium phosphate, bioceramic or autogenous bone enhance the bone healing considerably. PRP is effective in accelerating bone regeneration for the treatment of periodontal defect after surgical extraction of an impacted mandibular third molar. PRP combined with autogenous bone, bovine-derived xenograft or hydroxyapatite improve the osteogenesis of alveolar bone grafting in alveolar clefts or periodontal intrabony defect patients. Culture-expanded bone marrow stromal cells and autologous PRP injected into the distracted callus can shorten the treatment period by acceleration of bone regeneration during distraction osteogenesis. PRP works via the degranulation of the α granules in platelets, which contain the synthesized and prepackaged PRP may be due to use of is its proven effectiveness damaged platelets or non-critical- sized bone , its safety, its cost effectiveness, and its growth factors. Little benefit from defect models. The value of PRP availability in an easy-to-develop manner.

关 键 词：富含血小板血浆 骨组织工程 骨缺损 

分 类 号：R318[医药卫生—生物医学工程]