生物固定型股骨柄假体的几何系统设计  

System geometric design approach of biologic fixation femoral stem prosthesis

作　　者：王彩梅[1] 周学玉 贺靠团 

机构地区：[1]北京百慕航材高科技股份有限公司京航事业部,北京市100095

出　　处：《中国临床康复》2006年第33期139-142,共4页Chinese Journal of Clinical Rehabilitation

摘　　要：生物固定型股骨柄假体要达到取代病变骨组织、完成被替代部分的动力学功能的目的,就必须要求假体在结构设计上达到两个指标要求,即:与股骨髓腔良好的结构相容性(假体与股骨良好的匹配、稳定密合)和与骨组织的生物力学相容性。股骨柄假体几何设计体现了临床解剖学、统计学、材料力学、机械设计及计算机虚拟设计与分析等技术的综合应用,对设计者综合知识要求较高。股骨柄假体的几何设计是设计与评价相结合的并行工程,系统的思路对设计人员至关重要。文章从设计角度出发,为股骨柄的几何设计提供系统思路;基于数理统计原理,阐述股骨柄分型的方法;通过对人体股骨解剖及其生物力学环境特征分析探索出股骨柄几何形状确定的一般原则;并运用CAD/CAE虚拟设计与分析系统以及生物力学试验等必要的评价来说明股骨柄假体几何设计的系统思路。To replace the pathological changed bone tissue and carry out the latter＇s dynamics functions, the femoral stem of biologic fixation should have two vital structural characteristics： fine structure-compatibility （that is, precise fit and rigid implant stability with the thighbone medullary cavity） and good biomechanical compatibility with the bone tissue. The geometric design of femoral stem prosthesis embodies the integrated application of many subjects and technology, such as clinical anatomy, statistics, material mechanics, mechanism design and computer virtual design ＆ evaluation, which claims the designers for much more synthetic knowledge. It is also a concurrent engineering where design and evaluation are highly combined. Therefore, a system approach is vital for designers. This article is aimed to seek after a system geometric design approach of femoral stem from the angle of design. Based on mathematical statistics principle, it expounds how to subtype femoral stem. By characteristically analyzing of human thighbone anatomy and its biomechanics environment, a general principle on which the geometric figure of femoral stem is to be determined is explored. A system approach is ultimately set forth via such essential evaluation means as CAD/CAE virtual design ＆ analysis system and biomechanics tests.

关 键 词：生物固定 股骨柄几何设计 设计评价 

分 类 号：R496[医药卫生—康复医学]