库姆塔格沙漠“羽毛状沙丘”形态的示量特征  

Morphologic parameters of“featherlike longitudinal ridge”of Kumtag Desert

作　　者：刘虎俊[1] 王继和[1] 廖空太[1] 郑庆中[1] 张锦春[1] 丁峰[1] 唐进年[1] 俄有浩[1] 苏志珠[2] 翟新伟[3] 张国忠[1] 

机构地区：[1]甘肃省荒漠化防治重点实验室甘肃省治沙研究所,甘肃武威733000 [2]中国林业科学研究院,北京100091 [3]兰州大学,甘肃兰州730000

出　　处：《干旱区地理》2006年第3期314-320,共7页Arid Land Geography

基　　金：甘肃省科学事业费项目(QS041-C31-03)

摘　　要：通过卫星照片判读和实地观测,库姆塔格沙漠的“羽毛状沙丘”由两种风沙地貌构成：东北-西南走向的新月形“沙垄”为“羽轴”；垄间分布的波状微起伏的“大沙波”为“羽枝”,“大沙波”与沙垄的夹角为75°～103°。二者组合成类似“羽毛”的风沙地貌。新月形“沙垄”由单个新月形沙丘的前一沙丘的迎风坡与后一沙丘东翼相连构成“沙垄”。组成“沙垄”的新月形沙丘的两翼平均长37．5m,翼间距30～66m,沙丘高3～19m；在所观测区域内,沙丘沙的分选性由南向北变差。新月形“沙垄”长为3～22km,垄间距为1～3km,其问分布浅色和暗色相间的波状微地貌,暗色部分平均宽24．3m,浅色部分的平均宽11．6m。暗色部分表层沙粒的粒径有60%在1．00～0．25mm之间,以暗色矿物为主,而浅色部分表层沙粒的粒径的90%在1．00～0．25mm之间,分选性相对暗色部分较好,以石英等浅色矿物为主。暗色和浅色微地貌成对出现,相对高差约7cm。这种波状微地貌在库姆塔格沙漠中北部重复出现,类似于风沙地貌分类的沙波,暂称其为“大沙波”。On consulted satellite photo and relief map to conduct an observation in field at Kumtag Desert, the ＂Featherlike Longitudinal Ridge＂ is made up of the cresentic dune＂ridge＂ with direction of NEWS like the ＂quill＂, and the ＂huge sand wave＂, at angle of 75°- 103° with ＂ridge＂, between the longitudinal ＂ridges＂ like the ＂plume＂, which combine as a landform morphology liking feather as called ＂Featherlike Longitudinal ridge＂. Moreover, a windward slope end of a front cresentic dune connects with an eastern alar of a back dune one by one to form the cresentic dune ＂ridge＂. The average length of the alar of cresentic dune, with sand dune height of 3-19 m, is 37.5 m, and space between alars is 30-66 m. The sand sorting gradually become bad from south to north. The length of cresentic dune ridge is 3--22 kin, and distance between cresentic dune ridge ridges is 1--3 km. The light and dark color micro-landforms lie between the ridges; the average width of dark section is 24.3 m, as well as 11.6 m of light section. Sixty percent of diameters of sand grains at the shallow layer of the dark-color landform are 1.00- 0.25 mm and the sands are mainly dark-color mine, yet 90 % of diameters of sand grains at the shallow layer of the light-color landform are 1.00- 0.25 mm the sands are mainly light-color mine, such as quartz. The sand-sorting of light color section is relatively better than that of the dark section. The light section appears as a pair with dark section, with a relative height difference of about 7 era, such landform emerges repeatedly and sequentially at middle-north of Kumtag Desert like sand wave in classification of Aeolian sand landform, which is called as ＂huge sand wave＂ provisionally.

关 键 词：库姆塔沙漠 “羽毛状沙丘” 示量 

分 类 号：P931.3[天文地球—自然地理学]