2种新型除草剂防除天然草地狼毒和棘豆试验研究  

A study on Mielangdu and Miejidou for control of Stellera chamaejasme and Oxytropis ochrocephala in natural grassland

作　　者：陈明[1] 胡冠芳[2] 刘敏艳[2] 

机构地区：[1]兰州大学草地农业科技学院,甘肃兰州730020 [2]甘肃省农业科学院植物保护研究所,甘肃兰州730070

出　　处：《草业学报》2006年第4期76-80,共5页Acta Prataculturae Sinica

基　　金：国家重点基础研究发展规划项目(G2000048705)资助

摘　　要：在甘肃省肃南裕固族自治县天然草地开展了43．2％灭狼毒超低容量液剂防除狼毒和54．96％灭棘豆超低容量液剂防除棘豆的试验研究。试验结果表明，灭狼毒对狼毒作用速度快、防效优良，1．35和1．05L／hm^2的防效分别为95．29％和92．10％，死亡狼毒植株次年返青率不到1％；灭棘豆对棘豆具优良防效，1．65和1．35L／hm^2的防效分别为94．98％和93．50％，死亡棘豆次年无再生能力。2种除草剂对绝大多数可食牧草安全，对翌年可食牧草无任何影响，对非靶标生物安全，适宜在狼毒、棘豆发生草地大面积示范推广；灭狼毒和灭棘豆大面积示范推广之适宜剂量分别为1．05～1．35L／hm^2和1．35～1．65L／hm^2，最佳施药时期为狼毒和棘豆现蕾至初花期。Experiments using 43.2% Mielangdu ULV to control Stellera chamaejasme and 54.96% Miejidou ULV to control Oxytropis ochrocephala were carried out in the natural grassland of Sunan Yugu Nationality Autonomous County, Gansu Province in 2001-2002. Mielangdu gave a quick and excellent control of S. chamaejasme with 95.29% and 92.10% efficacy when applied as a fog on leaves and stems at 1.35 L/hm^2 and at 1.05 L/hm^2 respectively. The survive rate of the treated plants the following spring was less than 1%. Miejidou gave good control of O. ochrocephala with efficiencies of 94.98% and 93.50% when applied at 1.65 L/hm^2 and 1.35 L/hm^2 respectively. The treated plants did not regenerate the next year. The two herbicides were safe for the vast majority of the edible herbs with no harmful effects the following year They also had no harmful effects on domestic or other animals. These herbicides can be safely applied to degraded grasslands to control the poisonous plants S. chamaejasme and O. ochrocephala. The effective dosages of Mielangdu and Miejidou in large-scale demonstrations was 1.05-1.35 L/hm^2 and 1.35-1.65 L/hm^2 respectively. The optimum application time is in bud or during the bloom period.

关 键 词：灭狼毒 灭棘豆 防除 狼毒 棘豆 

分 类 号：S451.23[农业科学—植物保护]