苏南河网地区小城镇水环境污染源分析研究——以丹阳市新桥镇为例  

Investigation and Assessment of Water Pollution Sources in Southern Jiangsu Province--A Case Study of Xinqiao Town of Danyang

作　　者：刘华良[1] 王联红[1] 王晓蓉[1] 朱文斌[1] 袁信芳[1] 

机构地区：[1]南京大学环境学院污染控制与资源化研究国家重点实验室

出　　处：《农业环境科学学报》2006年第4期1050-1054,共5页Journal of Agro-Environment Science

基　　金：江苏省科技计划重大项目;小城镇(丹阳市新桥镇)水环境综合治理方案及其应用示范(BS2002049)

摘　　要：采用问卷调查、模型计算、类比推算以及取样监测的方法,对江苏省丹阳市新桥镇水污染源进行了调查分析,旨在了解苏南工业型小城镇的水污染源现状,为这一类小城镇水环境综合整治方案的制定提供依据。结果显示,该小城镇水环境污染源包括电镀工业排水、镇区生活排水、农村生活排水、农田氮磷径流、镇区地表径流,其中电镀工业排水属于重金属污染类型,其余4种同属于营养盐和耗氧物污染类型。采用等标污染负荷法对后4种污染源及其排放的污染物进行了评价,结果显示,由于水稻季节农田径流大于小麦季节,导致稻季和麦季各污染源排序不同,稻季为农田氮磷径流>镇区生活排水>农村生活排水>镇区地表径流,麦季为镇区生活排水>农村生活排水>农田氮磷径流>镇区地表径流;全年污染物排序均为COD>总磷>总氮>氨氮。通过对新桥镇的研究,得出如下结论:小城镇工业排水污染是否严重,主要与其支柱产业类别有关;小城镇镇区生活排水污染物的排放强度大于农村生活排水,由于城镇化的发展,这种趋势必将继续发展;镇区地表径流对水体的污染负荷很小。由此建立了一个系统的小城镇水环境污染源的调查评价方法,该方法具有一定的实用性。In order to find out the status of water pollution sources and put forward pollution control scheme for the sort of industrial small town in southern Jiangsu province, the water pollution sources loading of Xinqiao town were investigated and assessed by using questionnaire, mathematics models, analogy, and on-the-spot sampling. The result showed that the pollution sources in the town consisted of electroplating industry drainage, township domestic sewage, rural domestic sewage, farm runoff, and township overland flow. Among them, electroplating industrial pollution was characterized by heavy metals and other four pollution sources were nutrient salts and COD. Equivalent standard pollution load method was applied to assess importance of the latter four pollution sources and their pollutants. Since farm runoff in rice season was bigger than that in wheat season, the order of pollution sources in rice season differed from that in wheat season. According to priority, the order of pollution sources was farm runoff 〉 township domestic sewage 〉 rural domestic sewage 〉 township overland flow in rice season, and township domestic sewage 〉 rural domestic sewage 〉 farm runoff 〉 township overland flow in wheat season, respectively. The order of pollutants were COD 〉 TP 〉 TN 〉 NH3-N according to priority all the year round. These suggested that the pillar industry category in a small town decided industrial water pollution status; the township domestic sewage load was more than rural domestic sewage load, and the difference would become greater and greater in the course of urbanization; the township overland flow pollution load was small. An systemic and operable investigation and assessment method was established.

关 键 词：水污染源 小城镇 苏南河网地区 

分 类 号：X52[环境科学与工程—环境工程]