荇菜成熟花蜜腺的形态及其泌蜜过程的超微结构研究  

STUDIES ON THE MORPHOLOGY AND THE ULTRASTRUCTURE OF THEMATURE FLORAL NECTARY OF NYMPHOIDES PELTATUM (GMEL) O. KUNTZ DURING THE NECTAR SECRETARY PERIOD

作　　者：丁小余[1] 施国新[1] 常福辰[1] 陈维培[1] 

机构地区：[1]南京师范大学生物系

出　　处：《西北植物学报》1996年第4期421-427,共7页Acta Botanica Boreali-Occidentalia Sinica

摘　　要：荇菜花蜜腺共五枚，黄色、肾形，着生于子房基部。它们由分泌表皮和泌蜜组织组成，属结构蜜腺．成熟蜜腺的分泌表皮具明显的角质层和气孔，还具少量短期生活的分泌毛，分泌毛不具明显的角质层、泌蜜组织具较小的胞间隙，胞间连丝发达。成熟蜜腺细胞中不仅具有丰富的线粒体、内质网，还有大量的质体．质体中贮藏的淀粉粒为合成蜜汁的主要原料。蜜汁主要通过分泌表皮上的气孔和其细胞壁外的角质层泌出，少量蜜汁可由分泌毛泌出．在泌蜜期间，分泌表皮中的光滑内质网能产生大量的分泌小泡，它们携带着蜜计经胞吐作用将蜜汁释放至分泌表皮的外壁．外壁中的蜜汁可通过角质层中的细小通道运至角质层内或其表面．泌蜜组织细胞积极参与蜜汁的形成过程．The nectaries of Nymphoides peltatum (Gmel. )O. Kuntz consist of five separated parts which are yellow,kidney-shaped and all located at the base of ovary.The nectaries which are composed of secretory epidermis and nectariferous tissue belong to structural nectaries.The secretary epidrmis of the mature nectaries not only possess obvious cuticle and stomata but also possess a few short-lived secretory hairs which have not obvious cuticle.The nectariferous tissue contain many small intercellular spaces and developed plasmodesmata. The cells of the mature nectaries are rich in mitochondria,ER and plas-tids.The starch grains stored in plastids are main material which can be turned into nec-tar. The nectar is mainly excreted from the stomata and the cuticle,but the secretory hairs can also secret a little nectar. During the secretory period of the nectaries,the smooth ER in the cells of the secretory epidermis usually from many secretory vesicles which can carry the nectar to the outside wall of the secretory epidermis cells by the method of exocytosis secretion. The nectar in the outside wall can move to the surface or the inside of the cuticle through the fine passage in the cuticle. The cells of the nectariferous tissue have actively participated in forming of the nectar.

关 键 词：荇菜 花蜜腺 超微结构 泌蜜过程 形态 成熟 

分 类 号：Q949.776.4[生物学—植物学]