2003年稻纵卷叶螟重大迁入过程的大气动力机制分析  

Analysis on atmospheric dynamical mechanisms for the great immigration events of the rice leaf roller Cnaphalocrocis medinalis Guenee in 2003

作　　者：王翠花[1] 包云轩[1] 王建强[2] 向勇[3] 翟保平[1] 

机构地区：[1]南京农业大学 [2]农业部全国农业技术推广服务中心,北京100081 [3]南京信息工程大学,空间信息科学系南京210044

出　　处：《昆虫学报》2006年第4期604-612,共9页Acta Entomologica Sinica

基　　金：国家重点基础研究发展规划"973"项目(2006CB102000)

摘　　要：为了探明稻纵卷叶螟灾变性迁入的大气动力学机制,本研究在ArcGIS中对2003年我国稻纵卷叶螟的时空分布规律进行了简要的地学分析。在此基础上,选取了有典型意义的重大迁入过程2个,从PCVSATTM接收系统中调取覆盖各迁飞过程的实测气象数据和T213数值预报产品,输入MM5中尺度数值预报模式对迁飞和降落期间的大气动力场进行了数值模拟和客观分析。结果表明:(1)用850hPa和925hPa高度风向来分别描述稻纵卷叶螟北迁和南迁主迁飞层种群迁移的方向是比较合适的。北迁时,从源地到迁入地之间有比较一致的偏南气流;南迁时,从源地到迁入地之间则有相对均一的偏北气流。水平风场上的气旋式曲率区有利于害虫的起飞迁出,反气旋式曲率区则有利于其迁入降落。(2)垂直气流场中下沉气流的推动作用是稻纵卷叶螟迁入和降落的最直接大气动力机制,当稻纵卷叶螟迁入某一即将危害的稻区时,其降落前36～12h以内的850hPa等压面上常表现为相对强而宽广的下沉气流区。(3)在稻纵卷叶螟迁入与为害前36～12h内的高空850hPa和925hPa散度场上,降虫区上空对应着比较一致的高值正散度区,表明有较强的下沉气流存在,这对降虫十分有利。(4)850hPa、925hPa等压面上的水平流场、垂直气流场和散度场的特征分布对预测稻纵卷叶螟的迁入和降落具有很好的指示意义。In order to explore the atmospheric dynamic mechanisms of the rice leaf roller Cnaphalocrocis medinalis Guenee catastrophic immigrations, the tempo-spatial patterns of its populations occurred in China in 2003 was analyzed topographically under the assistance of ArcGIS. Based on this analysis, two typical great immigrating events were selected. The observational meteorological data and T213 numerical simulation products covering these processes were extracted from the data received by a PCVSAT^TM （PC Very Small Aperture Terminal）. These data were input into the model MM5 3.2 （The Fifth-Generation Mesoscale Model for version 3.2）, and a set of atmospheric dynamical fields during these migrating and landing processes were simulated numerically and analyzed objectively. The results were as follows： （1） It was feasible to use the directions of air streams on the 850 hPa （approximately 1 500 m） and 925 hPa（around 750 m） to describe the flight directions of rice leaf rollers in the main migrant layers during the northward and southward migrations of their populations, respectively. There were relatively coincident air streams with a northern exposure during the migration northward of rice leaf rollers and there were concurrent airflows with a southern exposure during the migration southward. The regions with cyclonic curvatures were advantageous to taking-off and emigration of the leaf rollers, and the areas with anticyclonic curvatures were favorable to immigration and landing. （2） The driving effect of the subsiding airflow on the vertical velocity field was most direct atmospheric dynamical mechanism for immigration and landing of rice leaf rollers. When they immigrated into the endangered regions, on the 850 hPa over these regions in 36- 12 hours before landing, there were relative strong and wide subsiding airflows. （3） On the divergence fields of 850 hPa and 925 hPa in 36 - 12 hours before the pest immigrated into the endangered areas, there were conformably positive and high diverge

关 键 词：稻纵卷叶螟 迁飞 GIS 大气动力学机制 预报 中尺度模式 

分 类 号：Q968[生物学—昆虫学]