芜湖金盆洞旧石器遗址的食肉类  

Study on Carnivora Fossil Remains From the Jinpendong Cave,Wuhu,Anhui

作　　者：刘金毅[1] 郑龙亭[2] 徐钦琦[1] 孙承凯[1] 吕锦燕[1] 谢小成 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院古脊椎动物与古人类研究所,北京100044 [2]安徽省博物馆,合肥230061 [3]芜湖县文物管理所,芜湖241100

出　　处：《人类学学报》2006年第3期227-241,共15页Acta Anthropologica Sinica

基　　金：科技部基础研究重大项目前期研究(2001CCA01700);国家基础科学特殊学科点人才培养基金(J9930095)

摘　　要：安徽芜湖金盆洞为新近发现的一处旧石器遗址,2002—2004年间两度发掘,除了人工制品外,另发掘出众多的哺乳动物化石。本文系统研究了其中的食肉类,经鉴定共计9属11种,即Nyctereutescf.N.sinensis、Canis variabilis、Arctonyx collaris rostratus、?Melessp.、Mustela sibirica、Mustelidae gen.et sp.indet、Ursusthibetanus kokeni、Ursus arctos、Pachycrocuta brevirostris sinensis、Panthera tigris和Pantherasp.。食肉类化石数量不多,但种类颇丰,对于探讨和分析遗址的地质年代具有重要意义。短吻硕鬣狗中国亚种的存在排除了晚更新世的可能,对比表明它与安徽和县龙潭洞动物群最为接近,可能稍晚于后者,应为中更新世中晚期。金盆洞主要由北方类型的动物构成,变异狼是长江以南地区的首次发现,黄鼬在南方同样十分少见,这表明金盆洞当时的气候较现今偏冷。与龙潭洞动物群相比,喜湿润的动物稀少,显然金盆洞的气候偏干些。Jinpendong Cave, a paleolithic site, was found recently at Wuhu in Anhui. In 2002 and 2004 excavations were conducted at the site. In addition to lithics, many mammalian fossils were unearthed. In the present paper, we studied the carnivore fossil remains. The Jinpendong carnivores belong to 9 genera and 11 species, including Nyctereutes cf. N. sinensis, Canis variabilis, Arctonyx coUaris rostratus, ？ Meles sp., Mustela sibirica, Mustelidae gen. et sp. indet., Ursus thibetanus kokeni, Ursus arctos, Pachycrocuta brevirostris sinensis, Panthera tigris and Panthera sp.. The carnivore specimens from the site are somewhat few in quantity, but rich in diversity. They are significant for analysing the geological age of the site. The existence of Pachycrocuta brivirostris sinensis, has excluded the possibility of Jinpendong being a late Pleistocene fauna. The Jinpendong Fauna is closest to the Hexian Longtandong Fauna （Anhui Province）, but slightly later in age. We feel the Jinpendong Fauna represents a middle Pleistocene age. The domination of the Palaearctic animals in the Jinpendong Fauna implies that the environment should be colder than today. As compared with the Hexian Longtandong Fauna, the hydrophilic animals are relatively scarce in the Jinpendong Fauna, which suggests a drier climate.

关 键 词：芜湖 金盆洞 中更新世 食肉类 

分 类 号：Q915.874[天文地球—古生物学与地层学]