寄主植物-害虫-天敌三营养层系统相互作用的上行控制  

Bottom-up Effect of the Tritrophic System Interactions Among Host Plants, Phytophagous Insects and Natural Enemies

作　　者：巫厚长[1] 章超[2] 李正珊 周春晓[4] 邹运鼎[1] 

机构地区：[1]安徽农业大学资源与环境学院,合肥230036 [2]安徽省和县农业技术推广中心,和县238200 [3]安徽省合肥市蜀山区农委,合肥230036 [4]安徽省合肥市第三十二中学,合肥230051

出　　处：《中国农学通报》2006年第8期414-418,共5页Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin

基　　金：安徽省人民政府省长基金专项"无公害蔬菜害虫治理措施研究与示范推广"(皖农植函[2002]361号);安徽省教育厅自然科学基金"十字花科有机蔬菜田目标害虫生态控制机制及措施研究"(2005KJ175);合肥市蜀山区科研项目"绿色食品蔬菜田目标害虫综合控制技术与示范推广"合蜀科[2004]2号。

摘　　要：寄主植物-害虫-天敌三营养层相互作用的重要性、害虫数量被其天敌所调节(下行控制)、寄主植物的物理和化学特性直接和间接影响害虫和其天敌的多度及分布(上行控制)已是生态学界活跃的研究主题。在不同的陆地生态系统中,作为害虫种群数量控制因子,寄主植物资源的上行控制可能比天敌的下行控制更普遍。寄主植物的基础营养物质、诱导产生的次生代谢物质和形态特征影响害虫的生理和行为,依次决定害虫的生殖、寿命和存活,直接控制害虫种群数量动态;影响天敌的行为和适合度,间接控制害虫种群数量动态。The importance of the role of tritrophic interactions among host plants, phytophagous insects and natural enemies, herbivore numbers regulated by their natural enemies （top-down forces）, and host plant physiological and chemical characteristics influencing directly or indirectly on population abundance and distribution of herbivores and their natural enemies （bottom-up forces） have been an active theme in ecology. Bottom-up control from host plant resources may be more common as a factor of regulating herbivore insects than top-down control from natural enemies in a variety of different terrestrial systems. Variation in host plant quality, such as basic nutrient substances, induced secondary metabolism substances and morphological characters, impacts on the physiology and behaviour of herbivore insects, which, in turn, determines their life-history parameters such as fecundity, longevity and survival, all directly relevant to their population dynamics; influences on the performance and fitness of their natural enemies in cascading up, resulting in indirectly suppressing the abundance of herbivore insects.

关 键 词：寄主植物 害虫 天敌 上行控制 

分 类 号：Q968.1[生物学—昆虫学]