萃取膜生物反应器去除地下水硝酸盐  

Nitrate removed in groundwater using extractive membrane biological reactors

作　　者：曹敬华[1] 郑西来[1] 潘明霞[2] 李萍[2] 侯建华[2] 宋晓倩[2] 

机构地区：[1]青岛海洋大学环境科学与工程学院,山东青岛266001 [2]青岛理工大学环境与市政工程学院,山东青岛266033

出　　处：《西安建筑科技大学学报（自然科学版）》2006年第4期574-579,共6页Journal of Xi'an University of Architecture & Technology(Natural Science Edition)

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(40572142)

摘　　要：地下水硝态氮(NO3--N)污染已成为世界性的环境问题,而且污染日趋严重,成为饮用水净化的难题之一.本研究采用中空纤维萃取膜生物反应器进行反硝化去除地下水中的硝酸盐,该反应器反硝化区与产品水分离、出水不受微生物污染,而且扩散速率快、硝酸盐去除速率快.试验装置设两级反应器,其中,一级反应器主要起预处理作用,去除地下水中溶解氧,为二级反应器内的反硝化细菌提供良好的生长环境.本试验整个系统硝态氮去除速率达到了3.36 g.m-2.d-1,相应的出水硝态氮浓度为9.76 mg.L-1,二级反应器硝态氮去除速率达到5.46 g.m-2.d-1,一级反应器硝态氮最大去除速率为0.4 g.m-2.d-1左右.Nitrate pollution of groundwater constitutes an environmental problem the world over. Nitrate contamination of drinking water resources is becoming even more serious. In this investigation hollow-fiber Extractive Membrane Biological Reactors （EMBR） were used to remove nitrate in groundwater. In the reactors hollow-fiber membranes with an attached biofilm in the outer side were used to separate the biological reaction zone from the raw water stream in the inner side. Nitrate is able to pass the membrane and enters the biofilm. From the opposite side, the organic C source diffuses into the biofilm, where denitrification occurs. The membrane keeps microorganisms segregated from the water being treated. And the reactor has faster nitrate diffusion rate and higher nitrate removal rate. The experimental apparatus consists of two- stage reactors, the first one of which is a pretreatment reactor that mainly removes dissolved oxygen in groundwater and makes the denitrification bacteria in the second reactor keep high activity. In this investigation, the experimental apparatus denitrification rate reached 3.36 g NO3--N·m…-2·d^-1 with a effluent concentration of 9.76 mg NO33--N· L^-1 and the second reactor denitrification rate of 5.46 g · m^-2·d^-1. Due to the effect of dissolved oxygen, the largest denitrification rate of the first reactor was about 0. 4 g NO3--N^-2· m^-2· d^-1.

关 键 词：萃取膜生物反应器 地下水污染 硝酸盐去除 生物反硝化 地下水净化 

分 类 号：X523[环境科学与工程—环境工程]